Identifying predictors of high sodium excretion in patients with heart failure: A mixed effect analysis of longitudinal data. (December 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Masterson Creber, Ruth; Topaz, Maxim; Lennie, Terry A; Lee, Christopher S; Puzantian, Houry; Riegel, Barbara
• Is Part Of: European journal of cardiovascular nursing. Volume 13:Number 6(2014)
• Page Start: 549
• Page End: 558
• Publication Date: 2014-12
• Subjects: Heart failure -- diet therapy -- urine sodium -- diet -- sodium-restricted; Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Nursing -- Periodicals; Cardiovascular Diseases -- nursing -- Periodicals; Cardiology -- Periodicals; Nursing -- Periodicals; Vascular Diseases -- Periodicals; 610.7369105
• DOI: 10.1177/1474515113517606
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1474-5151

Abstract

Background: A low-sodium diet is a core component of heart failure self-care but patients have difficulty following the diet. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of higher than recommended sodium excretion among patients with heart failure. Methods: The World Health Organization Five Dimensions of Adherence model was used to guide analysis of existing data collected from a prospective, longitudinal study of 280 community-dwelling adults with previously or currently symptomatic heart failure. Sodium excretion was measured objectively using 24-hour urine sodium measured at three time points over six months. A mixed effect logistic model identified predictors of higher than recommended sodium excretion. Results: The adjusted odds of higher sodium excretion were 2.90, (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15–4.25, p <0.001) for patients who were obese; 2.80 (95% CI: 1.33–5.89, p =0.007) for patients with diabetes; and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.09–4.53, p =0.028) for patients who were cognitively intact. Conclusion: Three factors were associated with excess sodium excretion and two factors, obesity and diabetes, are modifiable by changing dietary food patterns.