Multifunctional Role of Chymase in Acute and Chronic Tissue Injury and Remodeling. Issue 2 (19th January 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dell'Italia, Louis J.; Collawn, James F.; Ferrario, Carlos M.
• Is Part Of: Circulation research. Volume 122:Issue 2(2018)
• Publication Date: 2018-01-19
• Subjects: angiotensin II -- chymases -- endothelial cells -- mast cells -- renin; Cardiovascular system -- Periodicals; Blood -- Circulation -- Periodicals; Blood Circulation; Cardiovascular System; Vascular Diseases; Sang -- Circulation -- Périodiques; Appareil cardiovasculaire -- Périodiques; 612.1
• DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310978
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0009-7330

Abstract

Abstract : Chymase is the most efficient Ang II (angiotensin II)–forming enzyme in the human body and has been implicated in a wide variety of human diseases that also implicate its many other protease actions. Largely thought to be the product of mast cells, the identification of other cellular sources including cardiac fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells demonstrates a more widely dispersed production and distribution system in various tissues. Furthermore, newly emerging evidence for its intracellular presence in cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells opens an entirely new compartment of chymase-mediated actions that were previously thought to be limited to the extracellular space. This review illustrates how these multiple chymase-mediated mechanisms of action can explain the residual risk in clinical trials of cardiovascular disease using conventional renin–angiotensin system blockade. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.