Survey of the genomic landscape surrounding the 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene in glyphosate‐resistant Amaranthus palmeri from geographically distant populations in the USA. Issue 5 (11th September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Molin, William T; Wright, Alice A; VanGessel, Mark J; McCloskey, William B; Jugulam, Mithila; Hoagland, Robert E
• Is Part Of: Pest management science. Volume 74:Issue 5(2018)
• Page Start: 1109
• Page End: 1117
• Publication Date: 2017-09-11
• Subjects: glyphosate -- gene amplification -- herbicide resistance -- Amaranthus palmeri -- Palmer amaranth; Pests -- Control -- Periodicals; Pesticides -- Periodicals; 632.9
• DOI: 10.1002/ps.4659
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1526-498X

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Glyphosate resistance in Amaranthus palmeri, one of the most prevalent herbicide‐resistant weeds in the USA, is attributable to amplification and increased expression of the gene encoding the target site of glyphosate, 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The EPSPS gene and the surrounding 287 kilobases (kb) of amplified sequence are unique to glyphosate‐resistant plants and termed the EPSPS cassette. It has only been sequenced in one A. palmeri population from Mississippi. This research compares EPSPS cassettes in seven resistant and five sensitive populations from geographically distant locations within the USA, including Mississippi, Arizona, Kansas, Maryland, Delaware and Georgia. RESULTS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products from 40 primer pairs specific to the cassette were similar in size and sequence in resistant populations. Several primer pairs failed to generate PCR products in sensitive populations. Regions of the cassette sequenced in the resistant populations were found to be nearly identical to those from Mississippi. Gene expression analysis showed that both EPSPS and another gene in the cassette, a reverse transcriptase, were elevated in all resistant populations tested relative to the sensitive populations. CONCLUSION: EPSPS cassettes from distant resistant populations were nearly homologous. Considering the complexity of the cassette, and the degree of similarity among some cassette sequences, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that glyphosate resistance probably evolved once and then rapidly spread across the USA. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry Abstract : This research has shown that glyphosate‐resistant Palmer amaranth populations from across the United States have near identical cassette compared to that found in the Georgia population where the resistance was first detected.