Reductions in Plasma Cystatin C After Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Are Associated With Reductions in Inflammation: ACTG A5224s. (1st June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Longenecker, Chris T.; Kitch, Douglas; Sax, Paul E.; Daar, Eric S.; Tierney, Camlin; Gupta, Samir K.; McComsey, Grace A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes. Volume 69(2015)Supplement 2
• Publication Date: 2015-06-01
• Subjects: kidney -- glomerular filtration rate -- cystatin C -- antiretroviral therapy -- inflammation; AIDS (Disease) -- Periodicals; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- Periodicals; AIDS (Disease); Periodicals; 616.9792005
• DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000557
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1525-4135

Abstract

Abstract : Background: Among patients with HIV infection, changes in the kidney filtration marker cystatin C after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be related to changes in body composition or biomarkers of inflammation. Methods: ACTG A5224s was a substudy of A5202, which randomly assigned ART-naive HIV-infected subjects to blinded abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) or tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) with open-label efavirenz (EFV) or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir. This analysis explored changes in cystatin C from 0 to 96 weeks. Results: Of the 269 subjects, 85% were male and 66% white non-Hispanics; baseline mean CD4 count was 236 cells per cubic millimeter and cystatin C was 0.89 mg/L. Cystatin C decreased significantly within each arm; however, ritonavir-boosted atazanavir attenuated the beneficial effects of ART on cystatin C compared to EFV. Compared to ABC/3TC, TDF/FTC led to a marginally significant attenuation for percent change analyses only. Higher baseline body mass index and HIV RNA were associated with larger reductions in cystatin C in multivariable models. At baseline, cystatin C was positively correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Spearman r = 0.25), interleukin 6 (r = 0.34), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (r = 0.36), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (r = 0.54), tumor necrosis factor α (r = 0.57), and soluble TNF-α receptor I (r = 0.70, all P < 0.001). Reductions in cystatin C from 0 to 96 weeks correlated with reductions in all inflammatory biomarkers (r = 0.39–0.58, P < 0.001) except for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (r = 0.01, P = 0.89) and IL-6 (r = 0.08, P = 0.24). Conclusions: The beneficial effect of ART on cystatin C concentrations is attenuated by boosted ATV when compared to EFV. Reductions in cystatin C after ART are associated with reductions in systemic inflammation.