A compensatory role for declarative memory in neurodevelopmental disorders. (April 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ullman, Michael T.; Pullman, Mariel Y.
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 51(2015:Apr.)
• Page Start: 205
• Page End: 222
• Publication Date: 2015-04
• Subjects: Declarative memory -- Compensation -- Developmental disorders -- Neurodevelopmental disorders -- Specific language impairment (SLI) -- Language disorder -- Dyslexia -- Specific learning disorder -- Autism -- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) -- Tourette syndrome -- Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) -- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) -- Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) -- Aphasia -- Parkinson's disease (PD) -- Sex differences -- Underdiagnosis -- Hippocampus -- Medial temporal lobe (MTL) -- Striatum -- Basal ganglia -- Procedural memory -- Explicit -- Explicit memory -- Habit reversal training -- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) -- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) -- Positron emission tomography (PET) -- Neuroimaging -- Electrophysiology -- Event-related potentials (ERPs); Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Highlights: Declarative memory compensates for multiple deficits across disorders. The disorders include specific language impairment, dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, Tourette syndrome, and OCD. Compensation by declarative memory has therapeutic, diagnostic, and basic research implications. Abstract: Most research on neurodevelopmental disorders has focused on their abnormalities. However, what remains intact may also be important. Increasing evidence suggests that declarative memory, a critical learning and memory system in the brain, remains largely functional in a number of neurodevelopmental disorders. Because declarative memory remains functional in these disorders, and because it can learn and retain numerous types of information, functions, and tasks, this system should be able to play compensatory roles for multiple types of impairments across the disorders. Here, we examine this hypothesis for specific language impairment, dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, Tourette syndrome, and obsessive–compulsive disorder. We lay out specific predictions for the hypothesis and review existing behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging evidence. Overall, the evidence suggests that declarative memory indeed plays compensatory roles for a range of impairments across all five disorders. Finally, we discuss diagnostic, therapeutic and other implications.