Ketamine ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and immune alterations in adult rats following maternal deprivation. (1st January 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Réus, Gislaine Z.; Nacif, Marcos Paulo; Abelaira, Helena M.; Tomaz, Débora B.; dos Santos, Maria Augusta B.; Carlessi, Anelise S.; da Luz, Jaine R.; Gonçalves, Renata C.; Vuolo, Francieli; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe; Carvalho, André F.; Quevedo, João
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience letters. Volume 584(2015)
• Page Start: 83
• Page End: 87
• Publication Date: 2015-01-01
• Subjects: CSF cerebrospinal fluid -- IL-1 interleukin-1 -- IL-6 interleukin-6 -- NMDA N-methyl-d-aspartate -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha; Ketamine -- NMDA receptor -- Immune system -- Depression; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Neuroanatomie -- Périodiques; Neuropharmacologie -- Périodiques; Neurophysiologie -- Périodiques; Neurology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 617.48
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0304-3940

Abstract

Highlights: Maternal deprivation induced depressive-like behavior in adulthood rats. Maternal deprivation enhanced cytokines in periphery of adulthood rats. Ketamine reversed behavioral and immune alteration induced by maternal deprivation. Abstract: A growing body of evidence points toward an association between the glutamatergic system, as well as immune system dysregulation and major depression. So, the present study was aimed at evaluating the behavioral and molecular effects of the ketamine, an antagonist of the N-methyl-d -aspartate (NMDA) receptor of glutamate in maternally deprived adult rats. In deprived rats treated with saline, we observed an increase in the immobility time; however, ketamine treatment reversed this effect, decreasing immobility time. In addition, maternal deprivation induced an increase in cytokines: TNF-α and IL-1in serum, and in IL-6 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Interestingly, ketamine treatment reduced the levels of all the cytokines in deprived rats. In conclusion, these findings further support a relationship between immune activation and depression. Considering the action of ketamine, this study suggested that antagonists of the NMDA receptor, such as ketamine, could exert their effects by modulation of the immune system.