A Review on Detection and Abatement of Heavy Metals. Issue 1 (19th October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sikdar, Sayantani; Kundu, Madhusree
• Is Part Of: ChemBioEng reviews. Volume 5:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 18
• Page End: 29
• Publication Date: 2017-10-19
• Subjects: Bulk Monitoring -- Colorimetry -- Electrochemical Detection -- Green Remediation -- Heavy metals; Chemical engineering -- Periodicals; Biochemical engineering -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; 660.05
• DOI: 10.1002/cben.201700005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2196-9744

Abstract

Abstract: Heavy metal contamination is one of the major concerns in today's world. Trace elements like arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc are released from natural and anthropogenic activities and considered highly hazardous. Therefore, the continuous monitoring, detection, and remediation of heavy metals in groundwater and soil are of utmost importance. In this article, the detection technologies available together with their working principles and the remediation processes that are used until today are presented. The basic abatement technologies used fall into 3 categories: chemical, biological, and physico‐chemical. General approaches like isolation, immobilization, toxicity reduction, physical separation, and extraction can also be used for remediation of heavy metals. For large scale operations, chemical treatment technologies have proven to be the best option. Physico‐chemical treatment technologies can exclude all the possibilities of auxiliary toxic effects that may be produced by the treating chemical agents, hence, approaching a green remediation process. Abstract : This article reviews the provenance, detection and abatement of heavy metals. The origin of the heavy metals exceeding statutory limits as well as the analytical detection along with the most recent field kit‐based detection technologies are discussed. The state of art of heavy metal abatement technologies are dependent on the location and the level of contamination. They include chemical treatment, biological and physico‐chemical treatment methods.