ABŪ BAKR AL-RĀZĪ ET LE SIGNE: FRAGMENT RETROUVÉ D'UN TRAITÉ LOGIQUE PERDU. Issue 1 (March 2017)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- ABŪ BAKR AL-RĀZĪ ET LE SIGNE: FRAGMENT RETROUVÉ D'UN TRAITÉ LOGIQUE PERDU. Issue 1 (March 2017)
- Main Title:
- ABŪ BAKR AL-RĀZĪ ET LE SIGNE: FRAGMENT RETROUVÉ D'UN TRAITÉ LOGIQUE PERDU
- Authors:
- Koetschet, Pauline
- Abstract:
- Abstract: This article argues that a fragment from a lost treatise by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (d. 925) is preserved in the Book on Morphology Kitāb al-Taṣrīf ) by Ps-Ǧābir ibn Ḥayyān. Paul Kraus reached the conclusion that the collection to which this book belongs was written between the end of the ninth and the beginning of the tenth century AD. This fragment represents the first attempt – to our knowledge – to analyze the logical structure of sign-based inference in Arabic, which is known as istidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib among theologians and philosophers. The author distinguishes between sign-inferences based on homogeneity ( al-muǧānasa ), course of habit ( maǧrā al-ʿāda ) and traces ( āṯār ). After providing a translation of the fragment, the first part of this paper argues that its author is Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. My argument is based on a comparison between this text and a passage from the Doubts About Galen, which is also by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. I hypothesize that at least two other fragments from the same work or from different works by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī are preserved in the corpus attributed to Ps-Ǧābir. The second part of the paper aims to reconstruct Abū Bakr al-Rāzī's theory of sign-inference. In so doing, I show the historical influence that Hellenistic debates on sign-inference might have had on al-Rāzī, and I situate al-Rāzī's theory in the context of the prominent use that the theologians of the kalām made of the istidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib . To offer a moreAbstract: This article argues that a fragment from a lost treatise by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (d. 925) is preserved in the Book on Morphology Kitāb al-Taṣrīf ) by Ps-Ǧābir ibn Ḥayyān. Paul Kraus reached the conclusion that the collection to which this book belongs was written between the end of the ninth and the beginning of the tenth century AD. This fragment represents the first attempt – to our knowledge – to analyze the logical structure of sign-based inference in Arabic, which is known as istidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib among theologians and philosophers. The author distinguishes between sign-inferences based on homogeneity ( al-muǧānasa ), course of habit ( maǧrā al-ʿāda ) and traces ( āṯār ). After providing a translation of the fragment, the first part of this paper argues that its author is Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. My argument is based on a comparison between this text and a passage from the Doubts About Galen, which is also by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. I hypothesize that at least two other fragments from the same work or from different works by Abū Bakr al-Rāzī are preserved in the corpus attributed to Ps-Ǧābir. The second part of the paper aims to reconstruct Abū Bakr al-Rāzī's theory of sign-inference. In so doing, I show the historical influence that Hellenistic debates on sign-inference might have had on al-Rāzī, and I situate al-Rāzī's theory in the context of the prominent use that the theologians of the kalām made of the istidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib . To offer a more comprehensive reconstruction of al-Rāzī's theory of sign-inference, this article compares the critical approach presented in the newly identified fragment with the epistemological framework outlined in the Doubts About Galen. Finally, this article shows that Abū Bakr al-Rāzī's theory of sign-inference had a strong influence on al-Fārābī's logical developments especially in his Epitome of the Prior Analytics, even if he does not acknowledge this intellectual debt. Résumé: Cet article entend montrer qu'un fragment d'un traité perdu d'Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (m. 925) est conservé dans le Livre de la morphologie Kitāb al-Taṣrīf ) de Ps-Ğābir ibn Ḥayyān. Paul Kraus était arrivé à la conclusion que le corpus de textes auquel ce livre appartient a été composé entre la fin du IX e et le début du X e siècle ap. J.-C. Ce fragment est, à notre connaissance, le premier texte en arabe qui tente d'analyser la structure logique de l'inférence fondée sur des signes, connue sous le nom d' istidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib chez les théologiens et les philosophes. L'auteur opère une distinction entre les signes fondés sur l'homogénéité ( al-muǧānasa ), le cours de l'habitude ( maǧrā al-ʿāda ) et les traces ( āṯār ). Après avoir proposé une traduction de ce fragment, cet article entend montrer dans une première partie que l'auteur est bien Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. Ma démonstration se fonde, entre autres, sur la comparaison de ce texte et d'un passage extrait des Doutes sur Galien du même Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. Je fais également l'hypothèse qu'au moins deux autres fragments tirés du même traité, ou d'un ou deux autres traités d'al-Rāzī, sont conservés dans le corpus du Ps-Ǧābir. La seconde partie de cet article a pour objectif de reconstituer la théorie du signe chez Abū Bakr al-Rāzī. Pour y parvenir, je montre quelle influence les débats hellénistiques sur le signe ont pu avoir sur al-Rāzī, et je replace la théorie d'al-Rāzī dans le contexte de l'usage proéminent que les théologiens du kalām firent de l' istidlāl bi-al-šāhid ʿalā al-ġāʾib . Afin de compléter cette reconstitution de la théorie du signe chez Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, cet article compare l'approche critique adoptée dans ce fragment nouvellement identifié, avec le cadre épistémologique qui se dessine dans les Doutes sur Galien . Enfin, cet article montre que la théorie du signe chez Abū Bakr al-Rāzī a exercé une forte influence sur la réflexion logique d'al-Fārābī, notamment dans son Épitomé aux Premiers Analytiques, malgré le fait qu'al-Fārābī ne mentionne pas cet héritage. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Arabic sciences and philosophy. Volume 27:Issue 1(2017)
- Journal:
- Arabic sciences and philosophy
- Issue:
- Volume 27:Issue 1(2017)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 27, Issue 1 (2017)
- Year:
- 2017
- Volume:
- 27
- Issue:
- 1
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2017-0027-0001-0000
- Page Start:
- 75
- Page End:
- 114
- Publication Date:
- 2017-03
- Subjects:
- Learning and scholarship -- Arab countries -- History -- Periodicals
Science -- Arab countries -- History -- Periodicals
Philosophy, Arab -- History -- Periodicals
181.92 - Journal URLs:
- http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=ASP ↗
http://www.journals.cup.org/owa%5Fdba/owa/issues%5Fin%5Fjournal?jid=ASP ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1017/S0957423916000102 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0957-4239
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store
- Ingest File:
- 5922.xml