Lipase‐Catalysed Enrichment of γ‐Linolenic Acid from Evening Primrose Oil in a Solvent‐Free System. (11th April 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Baeza‐Jiménez, Ramiro; No, Da Som; Otero, Christina; García, Hugo S.; Lee, Jeom Sig; Kim, In‐Hwan
• Is Part Of: Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. Volume 91:Number 7(2014)
• Page Start: 1147
• Page End: 1153
• Publication Date: 2014-04-11
• Subjects: 1‐Butanol -- Candida rugosa lipase -- Enrichment -- Esterification -- Evening primrose oil -- γ‐Linolenic acid (GLA); Oils and fats -- Periodicals; Soap -- Periodicals; Fats -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Acides gras -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Huiles et graisses -- Périodiques; Savon -- Périodiques; Oliën; Chemie; Oils and fats; Soap; Periodicals; 547.77
• DOI: 10.1007/s11746-014-2463-9
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-021X

Abstract

Abstract: The enrichment of γ‐linolenic acid (GLA) was carried out in a solvent‐free system by lipase‐catalysed esterification of free fatty acids from evening primrose oil (EPO‐FA) and 1‐butanol (BtOH). The lipase employed to conduct this study was a free preparation of Candida rugosa . Variables evaluated were: substrate molar ratio (1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10 and 1:12, EPO‐FA:BtOH), temperature (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C), and enzyme loading (5, 10, 15 and 20 %, based on the total weight of substrates). GLA was highly enriched in the non‐esterified fatty acid fraction since C. rugosa showed very low selectivity for this fatty acid. We were able to increase the content of GLA to ca. 70 wt.% under the following optimal conditions: 30 °C, 10 % enzyme loading and a 1:10 molar ratio (EPO‐FA:BtOH), after 24 h. An additional set of experiments was conducted whereby the amount of water was controlled by addition of molecular sieves to the reaction mixture. The latter experiments produced a higher GLA concentrate (83.74 wt.%), under the optimal conditions described above and by adding 10 % molecular sieves (based on the total weight of substrates) after 36 h.