Distinct effects of dietary ALA, EPA and DHA on rat adipose oxylipins vary by depot location and sex. (February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mendonça, Anne M.; Cayer, Lucien G.J.; Pauls, Samantha D.; Winter, Tanja; Leng, Shan; Taylor, Carla G.; Zahradka, Peter; Aukema, Harold M.
• Is Part Of: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. Volume 129(2018)
• Page Start: 13
• Page End: 24
• Publication Date: 2018-02
• Subjects: AA arachidonic acid -- ALA α-linolenic acid -- COX cyclooxygenase -- CYP cytochrome P450 -- DGLA dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid -- dh dihydro -- dhk dihydroketo -- DiHDoHE dihydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid -- DiHDPE dihydroxy-docosapentaenoic acid -- DiHETrE dihydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid -- DiHOME dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid -- DPAn-3 docosapentaenoic acid (n-3) -- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid -- EpDPE epoxy-eicosadocosapentaenoic acid -- EpETE epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid -- EpETrE epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid -- EpODE epoxy-eicosadienoic acid -- EpOME epoxy-octadecenoic acid -- GAT gonadal adipose tissue -- GLA gamma-linolenic acid -- HDoHE hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid -- HEPE hydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acid -- HETE hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid -- HETrE hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid -- HHTrE hydroxy-heptadecatrienoic acid -- HODE hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid -- HOTrE hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid -- k keto -- LA linoleic acid -- LOX lipoxygenase -- MAT mesenteric adipose tissue -- MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -- NL neutral lipids -- oxoEDE oxo-eicosadienoic acid -- oxoETE oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid -- oxoODE oxo-octadecadienoic acid -- oxoOTrE oxo-octadecatrienoic acid -- PAT perirenal adipose tissue -- PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid -- PG prostaglandin -- PL phospholipids -- PPAR peroxixome proliferator activated receptor -- SAT subcutaneous adipose tissue -- SPM specialized pro-resolvin lipid mediator -- TAG triacyglycerol -- TNF tumor necrosis factor -- TriHOME trihydroxy-octadecenoic acid; Oxylipins -- Dietary n-3 PUFA -- Rat -- Adipose depots -- Sex -- ALA -- EPA -- DHA; Lipids -- Periodicals; Unsaturated fatty acids -- Periodicals; Prostaglandins -- Periodicals; Leukotrienes -- Periodicals; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated -- Periodicals; Acides gras insaturés -- Périodiques; Prostaglandines -- Périodiques; Leucotriènes -- Périodiques; Lipides -- Périodiques; 612.01577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.12.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3278

Abstract

Abstract: Dietary EPA and DHA given together alter oxylipins in adipose tissue. To compare the separate effects of individual dietary n-3 PUFA on oxylipins in different adipose depots (gonadal, mesenteric, perirenal, subcutaneous) in males and females, rats were provided diets containing higher levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA or DHA. Each n-3 PUFA enhanced its respective oxylipins the most, while effects on other n-3 oxylipins varied. For example: in perirenal and subcutaneous depots, more DHA oxylipins were higher with dietary ALA than with EPA; dietary EPA uniquely decreased 14-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid, in contrast to increasing many other DHA oxylipins. The n-3 PUFAs also reduced oxylipins from n-6 PUFAs in order of effectiveness: DHA > EPA > ALA. Diet by sex interactions in all depots except the perirenal depot resulted in higher oxylipins in males given DHA, and higher oxylipins in females given the other diets. Diet and sex effects on oxylipins did not necessarily reflect effects on either their tissue phospholipid or neutral lipid PUFA precursors. These varying diet and sex effects on oxylipins in the different adipose sites indicate that they may have distinct effects on adipose function. Highlights: Each dietary n-3 PUFA increased its respective oxylipins the most in all adipose depots. Effects of dietary n-3 PUFA on other oxylipins varied by diet, sex and by depot. Oxylipins were higher in males on the DHA diet, but higher in females on other diets. Diet and sex effects on oxylipins did not reflect phospholipid or neutral lipid PUFA. Dietary EPA uniquely decreased 14-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid.