Stepping out of the shadows: Oncogenic and tumor-promoting protein tyrosine phosphatases. (March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Elson, Ari
• Is Part Of: International journal of biochemistry & cell biology. Volume 96(2018)
• Page Start: 135
• Page End: 147
• Publication Date: 2018-03
• Subjects: ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia -- AML acute myeloid leukemia -- CLL B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia -- CML chronic myelogenous leukemia -- ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase -- FN3 fibronectin type-III (domain) -- GBM glioblastoma multiforme -- JMML juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- PDZ PSD95/Dlg1/ZO-1 (domain) -- PI3K phosphoinositide-3-kinase -- PI(4, 5)P2 phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate -- PTK protein tyrosine kinase -- PTN pleiotrophin -- PTP protein tyrosine phosphatase -- RPTP peceptor-type PTP -- SH2 Src homology 2 (domain) -- SH3 Src homology 3 (domain) -- SFK Src family kinase -- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor; Tyrosine phosphatase -- Oncogene -- Tumor promoter -- Breast cancer -- Lymphoma; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cell Biology -- Periodicals; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Cytologie -- Périodiques; Biochimie; Cytologie; Biochemistry; Cytology; Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Periodicals; 572.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.09.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1357-2725

Abstract

Abstract: Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is critical for proper function of cells and organisms. Phosphorylation is regulated by the concerted but generically opposing activities of tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which ensure its proper regulation, reversibility, and ability to respond to changing physiological situations. Historically, PTKs have been associated mainly with oncogenic and pro-tumorigenic activities, leading to the generalization that protein dephosphorylation is anti-oncogenic and hence that PTPs are tumor-suppressors. In many cases PTPs do suppress tumorigenesis. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that PTPs act as dominant oncogenes and drive cell transformation in a number of contexts, while in others PTPs support transformation that is driven by other oncogenes. This review summarizes the known transforming and tumor-promoting activities of the classical, tyrosine specific PTPs and highlights their potential as drug targets for cancer therapy.