In vitro percutaneous absorption and metabolism of Bisphenol A (BPA) through fresh human skin. (March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Toner, Frank; Allan, Graham; Dimond, Stephen S.; Waechter, John M.; Beyer, Dieter
• Is Part Of: Toxicology in vitro. Volume 47(2018)
• Page Start: 147
• Page End: 155
• Publication Date: 2018-03
• Subjects: BPA Bisphenol A -- BPA-gluc BPA-glucuronide -- BPA-sulf BPA-sulfate -- ECHA European Chemicals Agency -- CoRAP substance evaluation process by ECHA -- EFSA European Food Safety Authority -- EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency -- OECD TG Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development test guideline -- PAPS 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate -- PBS buffered saline solution -- SULT sulfatase -- UDPGA uridine 5′-diphosphoglucuronic acid -- UGT UPD-glucuronosyltranferase; Bisphenol A (BPA) -- OECD TG 428 -- In vitro dermal penetration -- In vitro dermal metabolism -- BPA glucuronide and BPA-sulfate -- Fresh human skin; Toxicity testing -- In vitro -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.11.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0887-2333

Abstract

Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume compound. It is mainly used as a monomer to make polymers for various applications including food-contact materials. The primary route of exposure to BPA in the general population is through oral intake (EFSA 2015) however, other potential sources of exposure have also been identified, such as dermal contact. In the present study, the percutaneous absorption through human skin has been investigated in an in vitro study according to OECD TG 428 (Skin Absorption: In Vitro Method). In order to investigate potential dermal BPA metabolism during absorption, radiolabelled BPA was applied to fresh, metabolically competent, human skin samples (ring labelled 14 C BPA concentrations tested were 2.4, 12, 60 and 300 mg/L). Measured as total radioactivity the mean absorbed dose (receptor compartment) ranged from 1.7–3.6% of the applied doses and the dermal delivery (epidermis + dermis + receptor compartment), sometimes also named bioavailable dose was 16–20% of the applied doses, with the majority of the radioactivity associated with epidermis compared to dermis and receptor fluid. No metabolism was observed in any of the epidermis samples; however some metabolism was observed in dermis and receptor fluid samples with formation of BPA-glucuronide and BPA-sulfate, and some polar metabolites. Highlights: Human skin OECD TG 428 study (Skin Absorption: In Vitro Method) with BPA In vitro percutaneous absorption of bisphenol A through fresh human skin is ~ 2–4%. Bioavailable dose (dermal delivery = absorbed + skin) of bisphenol A is ~ 16–20%. Fresh human skin has some metabolic capacity to metabolize bisphenol A.