The relationship between conformity to gender norms, sexual orientation, and gender identity for sexual minorities. Issue 1 (2nd January 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Budge, Stephanie L.; Orovecz, Joe J.; Owen, Jesse J.; Sherry, Alissa R.
• Is Part Of: Counselling psychology quarterly. Volume 31:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 79
• Page End: 97
• Publication Date: 2018-01-02
• Subjects: sexual minority -- masculinity -- femininity -- conformity to gender norms -- cluster analysis; Counseling -- Periodicals; 158.3
• DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2016.1214558
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0951-5070

Abstract

Abstract : The current study examined how dimensions of masculinity and femininity were expressed for sexual minorities. Cluster analysis was used to determine the number of latent classes for conformity to masculine and feminine norms for sexual minorities. A four-class solution was the best fit to the data. Cluster 1 (labeled Relating to others through equality and caring, n = 41) was characterized by low dominance and power over women and high involvement with kids and have nice relationships norms. Cluster 2 (labeled Relating to others through avoidance and misogyny, n = 38) was characterized by low risk-taking and have nice relationships and high power over women and disdain for homosexuality. Cluster 3 (labeled Relating to others through power, n = 34) was characterized by high winning, pursuit of status, and appearance and low modesty. Cluster 4 (labeled Relating to others through sex, n = 27) was characterized by low involvement in romantic relationships and sexual fidelity while endorsing high playboy attitudes. Results indicate that conforming to gender norms tends to follow categories of interpersonal beliefs and behaviors rather than being based in gender identity or sexual orientation. Implications of the results for future research and clinical practice are examined.