Tungsten laminates made of ultrafine-grained (UFG) tungsten foil — Ageing of tungsten–titanium (W–Ti) laminates. (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Reiser, Jens; Franke, Peter; Weingärtner, Tobias; Hoffmann, Jan; Hoffmann, Andreas; Rieth, Michael
• Is Part Of: International journal of refractory metals & hard materials. Volume 51(2015:Jul.)
• Page Start: 264
• Page End: 274
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: Ageing -- Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) -- Diffusion mechanism -- Ductility -- Simulation; Heat resistant alloys -- Periodicals; Refractory materials -- Periodicals; Metallography -- Periodicals; Alliages réfractaires -- Périodiques; Matériaux réfractaires -- Périodiques; Métallographie -- Périodiques; Heat resistant alloys; Metallography; Refractory materials; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 669.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.04.032
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0263-4368

Abstract

Abstract: Through the synthesis of a tungsten laminate made of ultrafine-grained (UFG) tungsten foils, a UFG bulk material can be made that retains the ductility and toughness of the tungsten foils. Considering tungsten laminates as a structural material the ageing behaviour is of utmost importance. In this paper we analyse and discuss the ageing behaviour of tungsten laminates produced by diffusion bonding using a titanium (Ti) interlayer. The evolution of the mechanical properties (Charpy impact, hardness) and the evolution of the microstructure during annealing at 1000 °C for 10 h, 100 h, and 1000 h in vacuum are studied. The calculated Ti–W phase diagram, as well as the calculated interdiffusion coefficients and interdiffusion profiles, significantly relate to the understanding of the evolution of the W–Ti interface. Comparison of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses with the simulated diffusion data provides an in-depth understanding of the diffusion mechanisms and the evolution of the microstructure. The elucidation of the diffusion mechanisms of W–Ti laminates will advance several research fields such as the production of UFG bulk material and the synthesis of advanced fracture toughness test samples. Graphical abstract: Highlights: W laminates have been produced by diffusion bonding using a Ti interlayer. W–Ti laminates have been annealing at 1000 °C for 10 h, 100 h, and 1000 h in vacuum. The evolution of the microstructure and the mechanical properties have been studied. The Ti–W phase diagram, interdiffusion coefficients and profiles have been calculated. AES analyses provide an in-depth understanding of the diffusion mechanisms.