Comparison of trailside degradation across a gradient of trail use in the Sonoran Desert. (1st February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rowe, Helen Ivy; Tluczek, Melanie; Broatch, Jennifer; Gruber, Dan; Jones, Steve; Langenfeld, Debbie; McNamara, Peggy; Weinstein, Leona
• Is Part Of: Journal of environmental management. Volume 207(2018)
• Page Start: 292
• Page End: 302
• Publication Date: 2018-02-01
• Subjects: Trail impacts -- Native plant species -- Nonnatives -- Soil crust -- Recreation -- Sonoran Desert; Environmental policy -- Periodicals; Environmental management -- Periodicals; Environment -- Periodicals; Ecology -- Periodicals; 363.705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.11.028
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0301-4797

Abstract

Abstract: As recreational visitation to the Sonoran Desert increases, the concern of scientists, managers and advocates who manage its natural resources deepens. Although many studies have been conducted on trampling of undisturbed vegetation and the effects of trails on adjacent plant and soil communities, little such research has been conducted in the arid southwest. We sampled nine 450-m trail segments with different visitation levels in Scottsdale's McDowell Sonoran Preserve over three years to understand the effects of visitation on soil erosion, trailside soil crusts and plant communities. Soil crust was reduced by 27–34% near medium and high use trails (an estimated peak rate of 13–70 visitors per hour) compared with control plots, but there was less than 1% reduction near low use trails (peak rate of two to four visitors per hour). We did not detect soil erosion in the center 80% of the trampled area of any of the trails. The number of perennial plant species dropped by less than one plant species on average, but perennial plant cover decreased by 7.5% in trailside plots compared with control plots 6 m off-trail. At the current levels of visitation, the primary management focus should be keeping people on the originally constructed trail tread surface to reduce impact to adjacent soil crusts. Highlights: As recreational visits increase, it is important to understand their impact on natural areas. In this Sonoran Desert system, high trail visitation levels lead to a reduction of important soil crusts adjacent to trails. Perennial plant communities were reduced alongside trails. Trails did not appear to be a conduit for nonnative plants. No soil erosion was detected at any trail visitation level.