Prevalence of Malnutrition and Current Use of Nutrition Support in Patients With Cancer. (February 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hébuterne, Xavier; Lemarié, Etienne; Michallet, Mauricette; de Montreuil, Claude Beauvillain; Schneider, Stéphane Michel; Goldwasser, François
• Is Part Of: JPEN, Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition. Volume 38:Number 2(2014)
• Page Start: 196
• Page End: 204
• Publication Date: 2014-02
• Subjects: cancer -- malnutrition -- screening -- oral supplements -- enteral nutrition -- parenteral nutrition; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; 615.85484
• DOI: 10.1177/0148607113502674
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0148-6071

Abstract

Background and Aims : The aim of this study was to evaluate on 1 day the prevalence of malnutrition in different types of cancer and the use of nutrition support in patients with cancer. Methods : A 1-day prevalence survey was carried out in 154 French hospital wards. Malnutrition was defined as a body mass index (BMI) <18.5 in patients <75 years old or <21 in patients ≥75 years old and/or body weight loss >10% since disease onset. Oral food intake was measured using a visual analog scale. Results : Nutrition status was collected for 1903 patients (1109 men and 794 women, 59.3 ± 13.2 years). Cancer was local in 25%, regional in 31%, and metastatic in 44% of patients. Performance status was 0 or 1 in 49.8%, 2 in 23.7%, 3 or 4 in 19.6% and not available in 6.5% of patients. Overall, 39% of patients were malnourished. The prevalence of malnutrition by disease site was as follows: head and neck, 48.9%; leukemia/lymphoma, 34.0%; lung, 45.3%; colon/rectum, 39.3%; esophagus and/or stomach, 60.2%; pancreas, 66.7%; breast, 20.5%; ovaries/uterus, 44.8%; and prostate, 13.9%. Regional cancer (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–2.70), metastatic cancer (2.97; 2.14–4.12), previous chemotherapy (1.41; 1.05–1.89), and previous radiotherapy (1.53; 1.21–1.92) were associated with malnutrition. Only 28.4% of non-malnourished patients and 57.6% of malnourished patients received nutrition support. In all, 55% of patients stated that they were eating less than before the cancer, while 41.4% of patients stated that they had received nutrition counseling. Conclusions : The prevalence of malnutrition is high in patients with cancer, and systematic screening for and treatment of malnutrition is necessary.