Use of Tethered Hydrogel Microcoatings for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Equilibrium, Differentiation, and Self‐Organization into Microtissues. Issue 12 (16th November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Green, David W.; Watson, Gregory S.; Watson, Jolanta A.; Lee, Jong‐Min; Jung, Han‐Sung
• Is Part Of: Advanced biosystems. Volume 1 :Issue 12 (2017)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2017-11-16
• Subjects: alginate -- mesenchymal–epithelium transition -- mesenchymal stem cells -- microcoatings -- multipotency -- stem cell fate -- stem cell therapy; Biological systems -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Bioengineering -- Periodicals; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; Biological Science Disciplines; Periodicals; Periodicals; 660.6
• DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700116
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2366-7478

Abstract

Abstract: Therapeutic adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) lose multipotency and multilineage specialization in culture and after transplantation due to the absence of complex biological architecture. Here, it is shown that a transient ultrathin covering of permeable biomaterial can be differentially formulated to either preserve multipotency or induce multidifferentiation. Accordingly, populations of single, spherical MSCs in suspended media with high selectivity and specificity can be coated. Assembly of single, double, and triple hydrogel layers at MSC membranes is initiated by first attaching MSC‐specific immunoglobulins onto CD90 or Stro‐1 receptors and UEA‐1 and soybean lectins. A secondary biotinylated immunoglobulin is targeted for avidin binding, which becomes an attractor for biotinylated alginate or hyaluronate, which are subsequently stiffened and gelled, in situ around the entire cell surface. Alginate microcoatings permeated with mobile BMP‐2‐induced osteospecialized tissue, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced microcapillary formation, while microcoatings, with selected basement membrane proteins, preserve the multipotent phenotype of MSCs, for continuing rounds of culture and directed specialization. Furthermore, forced packing of microcoated MSC populations creates prototypical tissue compartments: the coating partially simulating the extracellular matrix structures. Remarkably, microcoated MSC clusters show a tremendous simulation of a common embryological tissue transformation into the epithelium. Thus, confinement of free morphology exerts another control on tissue specialization and formation. Abstract : Stem cell therapy and stem cell‐based tissue engineering can be improved by harnessing the new design and qualities of biomaterial systems. One strategy involves thin and ultrathin coating of single cells and a small cluster of cells. Here, the invention and development of a new way of attaching a hydrogel coating incorporating factors that define lineage fates and form microtissues are shown.