Transdifferentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts – possible use for bone therapy. (15th August 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lin, Daphne P. L.; Carnagarin, Revathy; Dharmarajan, Arun; Dass, Crispin R.
• Is Part Of: Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. Volume 69:Number 12(2017:Dec.)
• Page Start: 1661
• Page End: 1671
• Publication Date: 2017-08-15
• Subjects: BMP‐2 -- myoblasts -- osteoblasts -- Runx2 -- transdifferentiation; Pharmacy -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12790
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3573

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Transdifferentiation is defined as the conversion of one cell type to another and is an ever‐expanding field with a growing number of cells found to be capable of such a process. To date, the fact remains that there are limited treatment options for fracture healing, osteoporosis and bone repair post‐destruction by bone tumours. Hence, this review focuses on the transdifferentiation of myoblast to osteoblast as a means to further understand the transdifferentiation process and to investigate a potential therapeutic option if successful. Key findings: The potent osteoinductive effects of the bone morphogenetic protein‐2 are largely implicated in the transdifferentiation of myoblast to osteoblast. Bone morphogenetic protein‐2‐induced activation of the Smad1 protein ultimately results in JunB synthesis, the first transcriptional step in myoblast dedifferentiation. The upregulation of the activating protein‐1 binding activity triggers the transcription of the runt‐related transcription factor 2 gene, a transcription factor that plays a major role in osteoblast differentiation. Summary: This potential transdifferentiation treatment may be utilised for dental implants, fracture healing, osteoporosis and bone repair post‐destruction by bone tumours.