Effects of the additives n-propylammonium or n-butylammonium iodide on the performance of perovskite solar cells. Issue 88 (11th December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hsieh, Cheng-Ming; Yu, Yen-Lin; Chen, Chih-Ping; Chuang, Shih-Ching
• Is Part Of: RSC advances. Volume 7:Issue 88(2017)
• Page Start: 55986
• Page End: 55992
• Publication Date: 2017-12-11
• Subjects: Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11286f
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2046-2069

Abstract

Abstract : The presence of C3 H7 NH3 I caused the perovskite films to grow with high coverage, thereby allowing the devices to display high performance. Abstract : Organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer a promising low-cost manufactural solar technology as they are compatible with large-scale and low-temperature (<100 °C) solution processes. Through the optimization of perovskite active layer and phenyl-C61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PC61 BM) layer thickness, the normal cells showed 9.7% power conversion efficiency (PCE). Compared with the corresponding normal devices, we observed an improvement in PCE from 9.7% to 11.3% and 10.2% for the devices prepared using 1 vol% of C3 H7 NH3 I and 1 vol% of C4 H9 NH3 I as additives, respectively. Via analysis by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, grazing incidence wide angle X-ray diffraction (GIWAXS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), we concluded that the morphological changes, absorption, and crystallinity of the perovskite films played an important role that influenced the performance of the PSC devices with various additives. The presence of 1% of C3 H7 NH3 I or 1% of C4 H9 NH3 I caused the CH3 NH3 PbI3− x Cl x films to grow uniformly with high coverage and continuous phase, as well as with higher absorption; this enabled the corresponding devices to display improved performance.