Serum lipid profile discriminates patients with early lung cancer from healthy controls. (October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ros-Mazurczyk, Małgorzata; Jelonek, Karol; Marczyk, Michał; Binczyk, Franciszek; Pietrowska, Monika; Polanska, Joanna; Dziadziuszko, Rafał; Jassem, Jacek; Rzyman, Witold; Widlak, Piotr
• Is Part Of: Lung cancer. Volume 112(2017)
• Page Start: 69
• Page End: 74
• Publication Date: 2017-10
• Subjects: Early detection -- Lipidomics -- Lung cancer screening -- Mass spectrometry -- Serum biomarkers; Lungs -- Cancer -- Periodicals; Lung Neoplasms -- Abstracts; Lung Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Poumons -- Cancer -- Périodiques; Lungs -- Cancer; Periodicals; Electronic journals; Electronic journals; 616.99424
• DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.07.036
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0169-5002

Abstract

Highlights: The value of MALDI-based profiling of serum lipidome as a tool for the early detection of lung cancer was investigated. Several components with abundances different between early lung cancer patients and healthy high-risk smokers were revealed. Discriminatory components allowed for the development of an effective cancer classifier with AUC = 0.88. Reduced level of a few lysophosphatidylcholines, including LPC18:2, was confirmed in samples from cancer patients. Abstract: Objectives: The role of a low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening remains a matter of controversy due to its low specificity and high costs. Screening complementation with blood-based biomarkers may allow a more efficient pre-selection of candidates for imaging tests or discrimination between benign and malignant chest abnormalities detected by low-dose computed tomography (LD-CT). We searched for a molecular signature based on a serum lipid profile distinguishing individuals with early lung cancer from healthy participants of the lung cancer screening program. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from 100 patients with early stage lung cancer (including 31 screen-detected cases) and from a matched group of 300 healthy participants of the lung cancer screening program. MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry was used to analyze the molecular profile of lipid-containing organic extract of serum samples in the 320–1000 Da range. Results: Several components of the serum lipidome were detected, with abundances discriminating patients with early lung cancer from high-risk smokers. An effective cancer classifier was built with an area under the curve of 0.88. Corresponding negative predictive value was 98% and a positive predictive value was 42% when the classifier was tuned for maximum negative predictive value. Furthermore, the downregulation of a few lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC18:2, LPC18:1 and LPC18:0) in samples from cancer patients was confirmed using a complementary LC–MS approach (a reasonable cancer discrimination was possible based on LPC18:2 alone with 25% total weighted error of classification). Conclusions: Lipid-based serum signature showed potential usefulness in discriminating early lung cancer patients from healthy individuals.