Multi-detector CT: Liver protocol and recent developments. Issue 97 (December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kartalis, N.; Brehmer, K.; Loizou, L.
• Is Part Of: European journal of radiology. Issue 97(2017)
• Page Start: 101
• Page End: 109
• Publication Date: 2017-12
• Subjects: ALP arterial liver perfusion -- BV blood volume -- BW body weight -- CLD chronic liver disease -- CM contrast medium -- CNR contrast-to-noise ratio -- CRC colorectal cancer -- DECT Dual-energy CT -- EAP early arterial phase -- HCC hepatocellular carcinoma -- HPI hepatic perfusion index -- HPP hepatic parenchymal phase -- HU hounsfield units -- LAP late arterial phase -- LIC liver iron content -- LM liver metastasis -- LNR lesion-to-normal parenchyma iodine concentration ratio -- MDCT multidetector CT -- MTT mean transit time -- MVD microvessel density -- NIC normalised iodine concentration -- PCT, perfusion CT -- PLP portal venous perfusion -- PS permeability surface-area product -- SECT single-energy CT -- TAC time-attenuation-curve -- TACE transarterial chemoembolization -- TLC tumour-to-liver contrast -- TNC true non-contrast -- TLP total liver perfusion -- VIC Virtual iron content -- VNC virtual non-contrast; Contrast media -- Dual-energy CT -- Perfusion imaging -- Neoplasm metastasis -- Hepatocellular carcinoma -- Liver cirrhosis; Medical radiology -- Periodicals; Radiology -- Periodicals; Radiologie médicale -- Périodiques; Medical radiology; Periodicals; 616.075705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.10.026
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0720-048X

Abstract

Highlights: For liver MDCT, contrast media- and scanner-related parameters have to be optimised. Dual-energy (DE) and perfusion (P) CT improve the assessment of oncologic patients. DECT and PCT provide additional information in patients with non-oncologic diseases. For clinical implementation of DECT and PCT further improvements are necessary. Abstract: Multi-detector computed tomography is today the workhorse in the evaluation of the vast majority of patients with known or suspected liver disease. Reasons for that include widespread availability, robustness and repeatability of the technique, time-efficient image acquisitions of large body volumes, high temporal and spatial resolution as well as multiple post-processing capabilities. However, as the technique employs ionizing radiation and intravenous iodine-based contrast media, the associated potential risks have to be taken into account. In this review article, liver protocols in clinical practice are discussed with emphasis on optimisation strategies. Furthermore, recent developments such as perfusion CT and dual-energy CT and their applications are presented.