Assessment of risk behaviors in patients with opioid prescriptions: A study of indiana's inspect data. (16th November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Greene, Marion S.; Chambers, Robert Andrew; Yiannoutsos, Constantin T.; Wright, Eric R.; Steele, Gregory K.; Zollinger, Terrell W.
• Is Part Of: American journal on addictions. Volume 26:Number 8(2017)
• Page Start: 822
• Page End: 829
• Publication Date: 2017-11-16
• Subjects: Substance abuse -- Periodicals; Substance abuse -- Treatment -- Periodicals; 616.86005
• DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12639
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1055-0496

Abstract

Abstract : Background and Objectives: Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) can serve as screening tools and support the clinical decision‐making process in patients receiving opioids. The objective of the study was to utilize 2014 INSPECT (Indiana's PDMP) data to identify factors that increase patients' likelihood to engage in opioid‐related risk behaviors. Methods: Based on a literature review, four risk behaviors were identified: Receiving >90 morphine milligram equivalents (MME), having >4 opioid prescribers, obtaining opioids from >4 pharmacies, and concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines. Two binary logistic regression analyses (engaging in at least one risk behaviors; engaging in all four risk behaviors) and an ordinal regression analysis (engaging in 0–4 risk behaviors) were conducted to identify factors associated with these opioid‐related risk behaviors. Results: Of the 1, 538, 120 unique opioid patients included in the study, 18.4% engaged in one, 5.3% in two, 1.6% in three, and .4% in all four risk behaviors. Depending on the model, prescribing a second monthly opioid increased patients' odds to engage in risk behaviors by a factor of 10 or more and prescribing two or more benzodiazepines annually increased the odds at least 13‐fold. Conclusions and Scientific Significance: About one‐fourth of all patients consuming opioids engaged in one or more risk behaviors; higher number of opioid prescriptions and addition of even a small number of benzodiazepine prescriptions dramatically increased these odds. PDMPs can be helpful in identifying opioid users at high‐risk for misuse. This information could be used to target efforts to reduce the prescription drug epidemic. (Am J Addict 2017;26:822–829)