Hydrothermal carbonization for the preparation of hydrochars from glucose, cellulose, chitin, chitosan and wood chips via low-temperature and their characterization. (December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Simsir, Hamza; Eltugral, Nurettin; Karagoz, Selhan
• Is Part Of: Bioresource technology. Volume 246(2017)
• Page Start: 82
• Page End: 87
• Publication Date: 2017-12
• Subjects: Hydrochar -- Carbonization -- Biomass -- NMR; Biomass -- Periodicals; Biomass energy -- Periodicals; Bioremediation -- Periodicals; Agricultural wastes -- Periodicals; Factory and trade waste -- Periodicals; Organic wastes -- Periodicals; Bioénergie -- Périodiques; Déchets agricoles -- Périodiques; Déchets industriels -- Périodiques; Déchets organiques -- Périodiques; Déchets (Combustible) -- Périodiques; 662.88
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.018
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-8524

Abstract

Highlights: Hydrochar formation from different biomass was studied. Two different spherical hydrochar structures were formed: hard sphere and densely-aggregated form. Completed carbonization of glucose yielded uniform-sized particles. The average sizes of carbon spheres using glucose and chitosan were found as 560 and 42 nm, respectively. Abstract: In this work, the hydrothermal carbonization of glucose, cellulose, chitin, chitosan and wood chips at 200 °C at processing times between 6 and 48 h was studied. The carbonization degree of wood chips, cellulose and chitosan obviously increases as function of time. The heating value of glucose increases to 88% upon carbonization for 48 h, while it is only 5% for chitin. It is calculated to be between 44 and 73% for wood chips, chitosan and cellulose. Glucose yielded complete formation of spherical hydrochar structures at a shorter processing time, as low as 12 h. However, carbon spheres with narrow size (∼560 nm) distribution were obtained upon 48 h of residence time. Cellulose and wood chips yielded a similar morphology with an irregular size distribution. Chitin seemed not to undergo hydrothermal carbonization, whereas densely aggregated spheres of a uniform size around 42 nm were obtained from chitosan after 18 h.