Experimental observation and energy based analytical investigation of matrix cracking distribution pattern in angle-ply laminates. (December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pakdel, Hamed; Mohammadi, Bijan
• Is Part Of: Theoretical and applied fracture mechanics. Volume 92(2017)
• Page Start: 146
• Page End: 154
• Publication Date: 2017-12
• Subjects: Matrix cracking distribution pattern -- Energy release rate -- Crack pattern competition -- Angle-ply laminate; Fracture mechanics -- Periodicals; 620.1126
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tafmec.2017.06.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0167-8442

Abstract

Highlights: Laminates form mid or outer-ply cracks with different patterns according to lay-up. Distribution pattern of laminate cracks is predicted by an energy-based criterion. Angle-ply laminates may form mid or outer-ply cracks according to lay-up angle. Thickness ratio affects the distribution pattern of outer-ply matrix cracks. Analytical predictions of distribution patterns are in agreement with experiments. Abstract: An energy based criteria is developed to predict the leading distribution pattern of matrix cracks in the damage mode competition in angle-ply laminates of type θ m 1 / θ n 2 s subject to uniaxial tensile loading. For the first time in the literature, all plausible matrix crack distribution patterns, namely mid-ply or staggered/symmetric outer-ply cracking are considered and energy release rate for initiation of each case is derived. Different geometrical effects such as ply orientation, thickness ratios and scale effects are investigated on the initiation distribution pattern of matrix cracks. The results show that distribution pattern of matrix cracks is directly affected by geometrical factors. Test specimens with different geometrical characteristics are prepared from unidirectional carbon-epoxy and an experimental test setup is prepared to capture the distribution pattern of matrix cracks during tensile loading. The predicted matrix crack distribution patterns of all specimens are verified by experimental observations.