Zero thermal input membrane distillation, a zero-waste and sustainable solution for freshwater shortage. (1st February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Baghbanzadeh, Mohammadali; Rana, Dipak; Lan, Christopher Q.; Matsuura, Takeshi
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 187(2017)
• Page Start: 910
• Page End: 928
• Publication Date: 2017-02-01
• Subjects: Membrane distillation -- Zero thermal energy input -- Waste-free -- Desalination -- Feasibility; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.142
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Zero Thermal Input Membrane Distillation (ZTIMD) feasible for seawater desalination. Freshwater produced at $0.28/m 3 with energy consumption at 0.45 kW h/m 3 and waste-free. ZTIMD truly sustainable and could revolutionize seawater desalination industry. Abstract: The innovative concept of a zero-waste, energy efficient, and therefore sustainable desalination strategy, Zero Thermal Input Membrane Distillation (ZTIMD), is demonstrated to be economically more effective than existing seawater desalination technologies by simulation based on a single-pass Direct Contact Membrane Distillation process using surface seawater as the feed and bottom seawater as the coolant. Thermal energy required for water distillation in the process was satisfied by extracting the enthalpy of the surface seawater using the bottom seawater as the heat sink. Under one of the favorable conditions, the proposed ZTIMD process could produce pure water with a cost of $0.28/m 3 at a specific energy consumption of 0.45 kW h/m 3, which is significantly lower than that of the major existing seawater desalination processes, including the currently dominating technology, Reverse Osmosis ($0.45–2.00/m 3 ). Some major advantages promised by the ZTIMD include (1) With no requirement of external thermal energy input, ZTIMD is an inherently energy-saving process, (2) it is economically competitive to existing desalination technologies, and (3) it is waste-free.