Characterization of serum anti-diphtheria antibody activity following administration of equine anti-toxin for suspected diphtheria. Issue 11 (2nd November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Smith, Heidi L.; Saia, Greg; Lobikin, Maria; Tiwari, Tejpratap; Cheng, Su-Chun; Molrine, Deborah C.
• Is Part Of: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. Volume 13:Issue 11(2017)
• Page Start: 2738
• Page End: 2741
• Publication Date: 2017-11-02
• Subjects: anti-toxin -- diphtheria -- pharmacokinetics -- toxin neutralizing activity; Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1362516
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2164-5515

Abstract

ABSTRACT: There is a global shortage of equine-derived diphtheria anti-toxin (DAT) for diphtheria treatment. There are few existing data on serum antibody concentrations and neutralizing activity post-treatment to support development of new therapeutics. Antibody concentrations were quantified by ELISA and anti-toxin neutralizing activity by cytotoxicity assay in serum from 4 patients receiving DAT for suspected diphtheria. Using linear mixed effects modeling, estimated mean (SE) half-life was 78.2 (20.0) hours. Maximum serum neutralizing activity ranged from 28.42–38.64 AU/mL with an estimated mean AUC1–72 of 1396.7 (399.3) AU/mL*hr. These data provide a standard of comparison for development of novel anti-toxins to replace DAT.