A Preliminary Study on Sources of Banding Artifacts for the Identification of Monochromatic Laser Printers1, 2. Issue 6 (16th March 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Ning; Zhang, Lichao; Chen, Chuntao
• Is Part Of: Journal of forensic sciences. Volume 62:Issue 6(2017)
• Page Start: 1542
• Page End: 1553
• Publication Date: 2017-03-16
• Subjects: forensic science -- questioned document examination -- identification of laser printers -- banding artifacts -- frequency analysis -- angular velocity variation; Medical jurisprudence -- Periodicals; Forensic sciences -- Periodicals; Forensic Medicine -- Periodicals; Gerechtelijke geneeskunde; Gerechtelijke chemie; Gerechtelijke psychiatrie; 363.2505
• DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13487
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1198

Abstract

Abstract: The analysis of questioned documents printed with monochromatic toner has been a great challenge to document examiners. Banding artifacts, which are often perceived in the outputs of laser printers, could be a solution to the identification of printers. In this study, sources other than the gear transmission errors were discovered for some primary banding frequency components. By detecting the angular velocity variation of photosensitive drums and other rotating parts of the tested printers and comparing them with the banding signals extracted from the printouts, the authors located the sources of banding frequency components. It was shown that the sources of some primary and persistent banding signals, which were previously unknown, were traced to the periodic velocity variations of the motors or the timing belts. As inherent signatures, banding artifacts could be promising features for discriminating documents printed by individual laser printers.