Antiproliferative effect of plant sterols at colonic concentrations on Caco-2 cells. (December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: López-García, Gabriel; Cilla, Antonio; Barberá, Reyes; Alegría, Amparo
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 39(2017)
• Page Start: 84
• Page End: 90
• Publication Date: 2017-12
• Subjects: Plant sterols -- Antiproliferative effect -- Colon cancer -- Caco-2 cells -- Cytostatic effect; PS plant sterols -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- IP propidium iodide -- MTT 3, (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide -- DiOC6 3, 3′ dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.10.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Highlights: Individual plant sterols have cytostatic effect on Caco-2 cells. Combined plant sterols displayed greater antiproliferative effect. The intake of plant sterol-enriched beverages may help combat colon cancer. Abstract: Plant sterols (PS) have been incorporated to foods due to their cholesterol-lowering effect. Because of their low intestinal absorption (0.5–2%), they can reach the colon and exert local actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of individual (β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol) and combined PS in colon cancer cells (Caco-2) at human colonic concentrations after simulated gastrointestinal digestion of a PS enriched milk-based fruit beverage. β-Sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol induced significant cell viability reduction (13–59% vs control), but only stigmasterol produced an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (92% vs control). Individual PS induced reversible arrest in phase G0 /G1 of the cell cycle, suggesting that they act as cytostatic agents. Combined PS showed a greater effect than individual PS, inducing also cell necrosis and irreversible cell cycle arrest (G0 /G1 phase). The consumption of PS-enriched foods therefore could exert a potential preventive effect against colon cancer.