Effect of Exercise Type During Intentional Weight Loss on Body Composition in Older Adults with Obesity. Issue 11 (30th October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Beavers, Kristen M.; Ambrosius, Walter T.; Rejeski, W. Jack; Burdette, Jonathan H.; Walkup, Michael P.; Sheedy, Jessica L.; Nesbit, Beverly A.; Gaukstern, Jill E.; Nicklas, Barbara J.; Marsh, Anthony P.
• Is Part Of: Obesity. Volume 25:Issue 11(2017)
• Page Start: 1823
• Page End: 1829
• Publication Date: 2017-10-30
• Subjects: Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.21977
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1930-7381

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: To examine the long‐term effects of exercise modality during weight loss on body composition and associations between body composition and physical function changes. Methods: Two hundred forty‐nine older adults (66.9 ± 4.7 years, 71% women, 32% African American, BMI: 34.4 ± 3.7 kg/m 2 ) were randomized to weight loss (WL; n = 82), WL plus aerobic training (WL + AT; n = 86), or WL plus resistance training (WL + RT; n = 81) for 18 months. Dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry–acquired body composition, 400‐m walk time, and knee extensor strength were measured at baseline and at 6 and 18 months. Results: Total body mass loss was enhanced when WL was combined with exercise (WL: −5.7 ± 0.7 kg, WL + AT: −8.5 ± 0.7 kg, WL + RT: −8.7 ± 0.7 kg; P < 0.01). Total body fat mass loss was significantly greater in WL + AT (−6.8 ± 0.6 kg, −16.4%) and WL + RT (−7.8 ± 0.5 kg, −19.0%) than WL (−4.8 ± 0.6 kg, −10.9%); both P < 0.01. Lean mass loss was greatest in WL + AT (−1.6 ± 0.3 kg, −3.1%) compared with WL + RT (−0.8 ± 0.3 kg, −1.5%) or WL (−1.0 ± 0.3 kg; −2.0%); both P ≤ 0.02. Change in 400‐m walk time was associated with change in fat mass (β/SD = +6.1 s; P < 0.01), while change in knee extensor strength was associated with change in lean mass (β/SD = +1.6 Nm; P < 0.01). Conclusions: WL + RT results in less lean mass lost than WL + AT; WL plus exercise yields greater fat mass loss than WL alone.