Cannabis withdrawal and sleep: A systematic review of human studies. Issue 1 (2nd January 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gates, Peter; Albertella, Lucy; Copeland, Jan
• Is Part Of: Substance abuse. Volume 37:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 255
• Page End: 269
• Publication Date: 2016-01-02
• Subjects: Cannabis -- insomnia -- marijuana -- sleep -- withdrawal; Substance abuse -- Periodicals; Medical education -- Periodicals; Education, Medical -- periodicals; Substance Abuse -- periodicals; 362.29
• DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2015.1023484
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0889-7077

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: Sleep problems during withdrawal from cannabis use are a common experience. The details regarding how abstinence from cannabis impacts sleep are not well described. This article reviews the literature including a measure of cannabis withdrawal and sleep in humans. Methods: A literature search using a set of cannabinoid and sleep-related terms was conducted across 8 electronic databases. Human studies that involved the administration of cannabinoids and at least 1 quantitative sleep-related measure were included. Review articles, opinion pieces, letters or editorials, case studies (final N < 8), published abstracts, posters, and non-English articles were excluded. Thirty-six publications were included in the review. Results: Sleep was frequently interrupted during cannabis withdrawal, although the specific mechanisms of disruption remain unclear. Conclusions: Methodological issues in the majority of studies to date preclude any definitive conclusion on the specific aspects of sleep that are affected.