Protective effect of Aronia melanocarpa polyphenols against cadmium-induced disorders in bone metabolism: A study in a rat model of lifetime human exposure to this heavy metal. (5th March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Brzóska, Malgorzata M.; Rogalska, Joanna; Galazyn-Sidorczuk, Malgorzata; Jurczuk, Maria; Roszczenko, Alicja; Tomczyk, Michal
• Is Part Of: Chemico-biological interactions. Volume 229(2015)
• Page Start: 132
• Page End: 146
• Publication Date: 2015-03-05
• Subjects: AAS atomic absorption spectrometry -- ALP alkaline phosphatase -- AMP Aronia melanocarpa polyphenols -- AW bone ash weight (mineral components weight) -- b-ALP alkaline phosphatase in the bone tissue -- BMD bone mineral density -- Ca calcium -- Ca/AW the ratio of calcium content in bone and the bone ash weight -- Ca/DW the ratio of calcium content in bone and the bone dry weight -- CA chlorogenic acid -- Cd cadmium -- CTX carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type I collagen -- Cy-3-ara cyanidin 3-O-α-arabinoside -- Cy-3-gal cyanidin 3-O-β-galactoside -- Cy-3-glu cyanidin 3-O-β-glucoside -- DW bone dry weight -- HNO3 nitric acid -- OC osteocalcin -- OPG osteoprotegerin -- RANK receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB -- RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand -- s-ALP alkaline phosphatase in the serum -- sRANKL soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand -- sRANKL/OPG the ratio of sRANKL and OPG -- % mineral comp. percentage content of mineral components in the bone tissue -- UPLC Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography; Cadmium -- Polyphenols -- Aronia melanocarpa -- Bone metabolism -- Protection -- Rat; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Toxicological chemistry -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Biologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Toxicologie biochimique -- Périodiques; 572
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.031
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0009-2797

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Low chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd) affects bone metabolism in female rats. Aronia melanocarpa polyphenols (AMP) prevent Cd-induced disorders in bone turnover. AMP improve the bone mineral status in Cd-exposed female rats. AMP protect from low and moderate exposure to Cd-induced bone damage in female rats. Chokeberry may be a promising preventive strategy for skeleton damage by Cd. Abstract: It was investigated, in a female rat model of low and moderate lifetime human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether polyphenols from Aronia melanocarpa berries (chokeberry; AMP) may offer protection from this heavy metal-induced disorders in bone metabolism. For this purpose, numerous indices of bone formation (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin) and resorption (carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type I collagen, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand) in the serum and/or distal femur epiphysis (trabecular bone region), as well as bone mineral status (volumetric bone mineral density of the femur and content of mineral components, including calcium, in the bone tissue at the distal femur epiphysis) were evaluated in female Wistar rats that received a 0.1% aqueous extract of AMP, as the only drinking fluid (prepared from lyophilized extract by Adamed Consumer Healthcare), and/or Cd in diet (1 and 5 mg/kg) for 3, 10, 17, and 24 months. Examination of the phytochemical profile of the aronia extract revealed high content of polyphenols (612.40 ± 3.33 mg/g), including anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Among detected compounds anthocyanins were identified as dominating. The exposure to Cd, dose- and duration-dependently, enhanced resorption and inhibited formation of the bone tissue resulting in its decreased mineralization. The administration of AMP under the exposure to 1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet provided important protection from this heavy metal-induced disturbances in the bone turnover and changes in the bone mineral status, and the beneficial impact of polyphenols resulted from their independent action and interaction with Cd. These findings suggest that consumption of Aronia melanocarpa polyphenols may play a role in prevention against female skeleton damage due to chronic exposure to Cd and that chokeberry represents the good natural plant candidate for further investigations of its prophylactic use under environmental exposure to this heavy metal.