Fabrication of magnetic carbonaceous solid acids from banana peel for the esterification of oleic acid. Issue 114 (3rd November 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Rui-Lin; Gao, Xiang-Yu; An, Lei; Ma, Jin; Zhang, Ji-Fang; Zhang, Zhi-Qi
• Is Part Of: RSC advances. Volume 5:Issue 114(2015)
• Page Start: 93858
• Page End: 93866
• Publication Date: 2015-11-03
• Subjects: Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540.5
• DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15767f
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2046-2069

Abstract

Abstract : Magnetic carbonaceous solid acids with high catalytic activities were fabricated from banana peel and were successfully used for the esterification of oleic acid. Abstract : Magnetic carbonaceous solid acids (MCSAs), which are important materials with many practical and research applications, have recently attracted much attention. In this work, a valuable type of MCSA with superparamagnetism was synthesized using a facile strategy, i.e., integrated fast pyrolysis of Fe(iii )-based complexes and vapor-phase sulfonation from waste banana peel (BP). This versatile strategy enables the simple preparation of MCSAs with easily tunable surface areas (156–1097 m 2 g −1 ) and pore volumes (0.17–0.74 cm 3 g −1 ), and relatively large average mesoporous sizes (6.1–11.4 nm), by simply varying the dosage of Fe(iii ) ions. The as-prepared MCSAs have excellent catalytic activity in the esterification of oleic acid with methanol, far higher than that of the commercial Amberlyst-15, sulfonated activated carbon and niobic acid under the same conditions. In particular, the catalytic activity of the obtained MCSAs rivals that of a homogeneous H2 SO4 catalyst. The present work provides an inexpensive and environmentally friendly method to synthesize MCSAs from waste BP and may contribute to a holistic approach for biomass conversion.