Procyanidins-crosslinked aortic elastin scaffolds with distinctive anti-calcification and biological properties. (1st April 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Xiaoya; Zhai, Wanyin; Wu, Chengtie; Ma, Bing; Zhang, Jiamin; Zhang, Hongfeng; Zhu, Ziyan; Chang, Jiang
• Is Part Of: Acta biomaterialia. Volume 16(2015)
• Page Start: 81
• Page End: 93
• Publication Date: 2015-04-01
• Subjects: Elastin -- Procyanidins -- Crosslinking -- Calcification -- Tissue engineering scaffold; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.01.028
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1742-7061

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: Elastin, a main component of decellularized extracellular matrices and elastin-containing materials, has been used for tissue engineering applications due to their excellent biocompatibility. However, elastin is easily calcified, leading to the decrease of life span for elastin-based substitutes. How to inhibit the calcification of elastin-based scaffolds, but maintain their good biocompatibility, still remains significantly challenging. Procyanidins (PC) are a type of natural polyphenols with crosslinking ability. To investigate whether pure elastin could be crosslinked by PC with anti-calcification effect, PC was first used to crosslink aortic elastin. Results show that PC can crosslink elastin and effectively inhibit elastin-initiated calcification. Further experiments reveal the possible mechanisms for the anti-calcification of PC crosslinking including (1) inhibiting inflammation cell attachment, and secretion of inflammatory factors such as MMPs and TNF-α, (2) preventing elastin degradation by elastase, and (3) direct inhibition of mineral nucleation in elastin. Moreover, the PC-crosslinked aortic elastin maintains natural structure with high pore volume (1111 μL/g), large pore size (10–300 μm) and high porosity (75.1%) which facilitates recellularization of scaffolds in vivo, and displays excellent hemocompatibility, anti-thrombus and anti-inflammatory potential. The advantages of PC-crosslinked porous aortic elastin suggested that it can serve as a promising scaffold for tissue engineering.