First episode psychosis moderates the effect of gray matter volume on cognition. (30th August 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F.S.; Kanaan, Richard A.A.
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 266(2017)
• Page Start: 108
• Page End: 113
• Publication Date: 2017-08-30
• Subjects: Cognitive test -- Linear model -- Statistical models -- Cognition -- Structural equation model -- Neuroimaging; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Brain -- Imaging -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Diagnostic Imaging -- Periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; Cerveau -- Imagerie pour le diagnostic -- Périodiques; 616.890754
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.06.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0925-4927

Abstract

Abstract: Patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) present with cognitive deficits and volume differences in certain brain areas. Brain volumetric information further correlates with cognitive testing, and multiple brain areas shows different strengths of correlation with the cognitive functions being tested. Traditionally, these cognitive functions are independently related to volumetric differences, but these functions share variance. Failing to account for this aspect of cognition hinders the proper representation of cognition in neuroimaging studies. We used modeling methods which account for this shared variance to investigate the differences of correlations between cognitive abilities and brain areas. A multiple-groups structured equation model (SEM) approach was used to design and test a model representing the relation between gray matter volumetric data and neuropsychological test scores in a sample of 100 Brazilian FEP patients and 94 controls. Models with a latent variable formed by neurological measures and reflecting cognitive measures performed better on fit tests. FEP moderated the relation between gray matter volumes and cognition by altering the profile of correlations between groups. This moderation had a large effect size. SEM provides a fine grained picture of the interdependence of structural brain changes and cognition. Highlights: Psychosis is a dimensional construct and is analysed with appropriate methods. Analysis of psychosis using structural equation modeling. Psychosis moderated the relation between brain structural changes and cognition. SEM provides a finer grained picture of the brain structure-cognition correlations.