Creep deformation and damage evaluation of service exposed reformer tube. (2nd April 2015)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Creep deformation and damage evaluation of service exposed reformer tube. (2nd April 2015)
- Main Title:
- Creep deformation and damage evaluation of service exposed reformer tube
- Authors:
- Roy, N.
Raj, A.
Roy, B. N.
Ray, A. K. - Abstract:
- Abstract : This paper aims at studying the creep deformation behaviour and quantifying creep damage of ∼11 years service exposed primary hydrogen reformer tube made of HP40 grade of steel in a petrochemical industry, in terms of Kachanov's continuum damage mechanics model (K model) and Bogdanoff model (B model) based on Markov process. Hot tensile, conventional creep deformation under identical test conditions, optical microscopy and fractography were extensively carried out. The as received tubes did not possess any sign of degradation including voids or creep cavitations and decarburisation. There was indeed loss of tensile strength from room temperature to 870°C for the bottom portion of the tube due to aging and overheating. Accumulation of damage due to creep has been quantified through microstructural studies in terms of two damage parameters A and A *. Experimental scatter observed in creep deformation and creep strain rate curves of the material at 870°C and at various stress conditions, is probably due to scatter in creep cavitations/voids and also due to variation in the mode of fracture in top as well as bottom portion of the tube. From statistical point of view, Weibull distribution pattern for analysing probability of rupture due to void area, shifts with increase in true strain towards the higher population of void. The estimation of average time to reach a specific damage state from K model and B model is in close agreement with that of experimental data andAbstract : This paper aims at studying the creep deformation behaviour and quantifying creep damage of ∼11 years service exposed primary hydrogen reformer tube made of HP40 grade of steel in a petrochemical industry, in terms of Kachanov's continuum damage mechanics model (K model) and Bogdanoff model (B model) based on Markov process. Hot tensile, conventional creep deformation under identical test conditions, optical microscopy and fractography were extensively carried out. The as received tubes did not possess any sign of degradation including voids or creep cavitations and decarburisation. There was indeed loss of tensile strength from room temperature to 870°C for the bottom portion of the tube due to aging and overheating. Accumulation of damage due to creep has been quantified through microstructural studies in terms of two damage parameters A and A *. Experimental scatter observed in creep deformation and creep strain rate curves of the material at 870°C and at various stress conditions, is probably due to scatter in creep cavitations/voids and also due to variation in the mode of fracture in top as well as bottom portion of the tube. From statistical point of view, Weibull distribution pattern for analysing probability of rupture due to void area, shifts with increase in true strain towards the higher population of void. The estimation of average time to reach a specific damage state from K model and B model is in close agreement with that of experimental data and can describe the sudden changes of the creep damage in the tertiary region as well. Cet article a pour but d'étudier le comportement de déformation par fluage et de quantifier l'endommagement dû au fluage d'un tube primaire de reformeur d'hydrogène en acier de nuance HP40 et ayant servi pendant environ 11 ans dans une industrie pétrochimique. On utilise le modèle de la mécanique de l'endommagement en milieu continu de Kachanov (modèle K) et le modèle de Bogdanoff (modèle B) basé sur le processus de Markov. On a effectué beaucoup d'essais conventionnels de déformation à chaud sous tension par fluage sous des conditions identiques, de la microscopie optique et de la fractographie. Les tubes, tels que reçus, ne montraient aucun signe de dégradation comme des vides ou retassures de fluage et de la décarburation. En fait, il y avait une perte de résistance à la traction depuis la température ambiante jusqu'à 870°C pour la partie inférieure du tube à cause du vieillissement et de la surchauffe. On a quantifié l'accumulation du dommage dû au fluage au moyen d'études de microstructure en utilisant deux paramètres d'endommagement, soit A et A *. La dispersion expérimentale observée dans la déformation par fluage et dans les courbes de vitesse de déformation par fluage du matériel à 870°C et sous des conditions variées de contraintes, est probablement due à la dispersion des retassures/vides de fluage et également à la variation du mode de rupture dans la portion supérieure ainsi que dans la portion inférieure du tube. D'un point de vue statistique, le patron de distribution de Weibull pour l'analyse de la probabilité de rupture due à une région de vide, se déplace avec l'augmentation de la déformation rationnelle vers la population plus élevée de vide. L'estimation du temps moyen pour atteindre un état spécifique d'endommagement à partir du modèle K et du modèle B est en très bon accord avec celle des données expérimentales et peut également décrire les changements soudains de l'endommagement par fluage dans la région tertiaire. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Canadian metallurgical quarterly. Volume 54:Number 2(2015:Apr.)
- Journal:
- Canadian metallurgical quarterly
- Issue:
- Volume 54:Number 2(2015:Apr.)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 54, Issue 2 (2015)
- Year:
- 2015
- Volume:
- 54
- Issue:
- 2
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2015-0054-0002-0000
- Page Start:
- 206
- Page End:
- 223
- Publication Date:
- 2015-04-02
- Subjects:
- Conventional creep test, -- Fractography, -- Microstructural assessment, -- Larson–Miller parameter, -- Experimental scatter, -- CDM model, -- Markov process
Metallurgy -- Periodicals
669.05 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/cmq ↗
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00084433 ↗
http://maneypublishing.com/ ↗
http://www.elsevier.com/homepage/elecserv.htt ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1179/1879139514Y.0000000175 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0008-4433
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library STI - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 5003.xml