Post-bronchiolitis Use of Asthma Medication: A Prospective 1-year Follow-up Study. Issue 4 (April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bergroth, Eija; Aakula, Matilda; Korppi, Matti; Remes, Sami; Kivistö, Juho E.; Piedra, Pedro A.; Camargo, Carlos A.; Jartti, Tuomas
• Is Part Of: Pediatric infectious disease journal. Volume 35:Issue 4(2016)
• Publication Date: 2016-04
• Subjects: bronchiolitis -- long-term -- respiratory syncytial virus -- rhinovirus -- treatment; Communicable diseases in children -- Periodicals; Infection in children -- Periodicals; 618.929
• DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001017
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0891-3668

Abstract

Abstract : Background: Our aim was to evaluate the association between viral findings during bronchiolitis and the use of asthma controller medication (primary outcome) and systemic corticosteroids (secondary outcome) during the first post-bronchiolitis year. Methods: We enrolled 408 children hospitalized for bronchiolitis at <24 months of age in a prospective, 3-center, 1-year follow-up study in Finland. Viruses were detected with polymerase chain reaction in nasopharyngeal aspirates. The parents underwent a structured interview during hospitalization. Twelve months later, the use of asthma medication was asked in a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Results: In total, 365 (89%) children completed the 1-year follow-up. The use of long-term asthma controller medication was highest in the rhinovirus-positive group (61% vs. 15% in respiratory syncytial virus-positive group; adjusted odd ratios, 7.5; 95% confidence interval: 3.7–15.3), followed by children negative for both respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus (36%; adjusted odd ratios, 2.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.3–5.3). Likewise, rhinovirus etiology was associated with more courses of systemic corticosteroids during the follow-up. The main findings were similar in a subset of infants aged <12 months with first wheezing. Conclusions: Children hospitalized for rhinovirus-positive bronchiolitis used long-term asthma controller medication more often than those hospitalized for rhinovirus-negative bronchiolitis during first year after hospitalization. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.