The effects of intravenous lipid emulsion on prolongation of survival in a rat model of calcium channel blocker toxicity. (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kang, Changwoo; Kim, Dong Hoon; Kim, Seong Chun; Lee, Soo Hoon; Jeong, Jin Hee; Kang, Tae-Sin; Shin, Il-Woo; Kim, Rock Bum; Lee, Dong Hoon
• Is Part Of: Clinical toxicology. Volume 53:Number 6(2015)
• Page Start: 540
• Page End: 544
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: Antidote -- Cardiotoxins -- Drug overdose -- Poisoning; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicological emergencies -- Periodicals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2015.1045979
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1556-3650

Abstract

Abstract: Context. Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been shown to ameliorate the toxicity of lipid-soluble agents in animal studies and clinical cases. Objectives. To investigate the therapeutic effects of ILE in a rat model of toxicity from calcium channel blockers (CCBs), including diltiazem and nicardipine. Methods . Two sets of experiments of CCB poisoning were conducted. In the first set, 14 male Sprague-Dawley rats were sedated and treated with ILE or normal saline (NS), followed by continuous intravenous infusion of diltiazem (20 mg/kg/h). In the second experiment, the study protocol was the same except the infusion of nicardipine (20 mg/kg/h). The total dose of infused drug and the duration of survival were measured. In addition, mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored. Results. Survival was prolonged in the ILE group (48.4 ± 11.3 vs. 25.0 ± 3.7 min; p = 0.002). Furthermore, the cumulative mean lethal dose of diltiazem was higher in the ILE group (16.1 ± 3.8 mg/kg) than in the NS group (8.3 ± 1.1 mg/kg) ( p = 0.002). With nicardipine poisoning, survival was also prolonged in the ILE group (71.0 ± 8.3 min vs. 30.6 ± 6.1 min; p = 0.002). The cumulative mean lethal dose was higher in the ILE group than in the NS group (23.7 ± 2.8 mg/kg vs. 10.2 ± 2.0 mg/kg; p = 0.002). Conclusions . ILE pretreatment prolonged survival and increased the lethal dose in a rat model of CCB poisoning using diltiazem and nicardipine.