Dietary Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials alleviate LPS-induced intestinal immunological stress and improve intestinal barrier gene expression in commercial broiler chickens. (October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gadde, Ujvala Deepthi; Oh, Sungtaek; Lee, Youngsub; Davis, Ellen; Zimmerman, Noah; Rehberger, Tom; Lillehoj, Hyun Soon
• Is Part Of: Research in veterinary science. Volume 114(2017)
• Page Start: 236
• Page End: 243
• Publication Date: 2017-10
• Subjects: Chicken -- Probiotic -- B. subtilis -- Cytokine -- Tight junction -- LPS; Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; Veterinary Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine vétérinaire -- Périodiques; Médecine vétérinaire -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Diergeneeskunde; 636.089
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.05.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0034-5288

Abstract

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of Bacillus subtilis -based probiotics on the performance, modulation of host inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier gene expression of broilers subjected to LPS challenge. Chickens were randomly allocated to one of the 3 dietary treatment groups - control, antibiotic, or probiotic. At 14 days, half of the chickens in each treatment were injected with LPS (1 mg/kg body weight), and the other half injected with sterile PBS. Chickens fed probiotics weighed significantly more than controls at 15 days of age, irrespective of immune challenge. LPS challenge significantly reduced weight gain at 24 h post-injection, and the probiotics did not alleviate the LPS-induced reduction of weight gain. Serum α-1-AGP levels were significantly higher in LPS-injected chickens, and probiotic supplementation significantly reduced their levels. The percentages of CD4 + lymphocytes were significantly increased in probiotic groups in the absence of immunological challenge but were reduced during LPS challenge compared to controls. CD8 + lymphocytes were significantly reduced in probiotic-fed birds. The LPS-induced increase in the expression of cytokines IL8 and TNFSF15 was reduced by probiotic supplementation, and IL17F, iNOS expression was found to be significantly elevated in probiotic-fed birds subjected to LPS challenge. The reduced gene expression of tight junction proteins (JAM2, occludin and ZO1) and MUC2 induced by LPS challenge was reversed by probiotic supplementation. The results indicate that B. subtilis -based probiotics differentially regulate intestinal immune and tight junction protein mRNA expression during states of LPS-mediated immunological challenge. Highlights: Dietary B. subtilis improves the growth performance and beneficially modulate the intestinal immune activities. Peripheral blood CD4 + T-lymphocytes were increased in the LPS-challenged chickens. LITAF expression in the ileum was significantly upregulated in probiotic-fed chickens irrespective of the immune challenge. LPS challenge significantly reduced the expression of occludin, JAM2, and ZO1 in the ileum 24 h post-injection. B. subtilis counteracted the LPS-induced MUC2 down-regulation.