Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from electricity: The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation. (1st January 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Curtis, John; Lynch, Muireann Á.; Zubiate, Laura
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 161(2016)
• Page Start: 487
• Page End: 496
• Publication Date: 2016-01-01
• Subjects: North Atlantic Oscillation -- Carbon dioxide emissions -- Electricity -- Monte Carlo analysis -- Wind energy; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.056
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Highlights: Monte Carlo approach is used to model effect of NAO on CO2 emissions in power sector. We generate synthetic hourly wind speed time-series data conditional on NAO phase. A unit commitment, least-cost dispatch model is used to simulate electricity system. NAO has a significant impact on monthly mean wind speeds and wind power output. Results show how electricity sector's CO2 emissions vary with NAO phase. Abstract: The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a large-scale circulation pattern driving climate variability in north-western Europe. In recent years there has been an increasing deployment of wind-powered generation technology, i.e. wind farms, on electricity networks across Europe. As this deployment increases it is important to understand how climate variability will affect both wind-powered and non-renewable power generation. This study extends the literature by assessing the impact of NAO, via wind-power generation, on carbon dioxide emissions from the wider electricity system. A Monte Carlo approach is used to model NAO phases, generate hourly wind speed time-series data, electricity demand and fuel input data. A unit commitment, least-cost economic dispatch model is used to simulate an entire electricity system, modelled on the all-island Irish electricity system. Our results confirm that the NAO has a significant impact on monthly mean wind speeds, wind power output, and carbon dioxide emissions from the entire electricity system. The impact of NAO on emissions obviously depends on the level of wind penetration within an electricity system but our results indicate that emissions intensity within the Irish electricity system could vary by as much as 10% depending on the NAO phase within the next few years.