[LB.01.25] ESTIMATION OF DIETARY SALT INTAKE BY 24-H URINE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHINESE URBAN CHILDREN. (September 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dong, J.; Mi, J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of hypertension. Volume 35(2017)Supplement 2
• Publication Date: 2017-09
• Subjects: Hypertension -- Periodicals; Hypertension -- Periodicals; 616.132005
• DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000523457.44180.10
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1473-5598

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: High salt intake is recognized as a risk factor for hypertension in children and adults. However, limited data on dietary salt intake of Chinese children were available. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the dietary salt intake of Chinese urban children aged 9–17 years by 24 h urinary sodium excretion and its association with blood pressure. Design and method: Our study was a multi-center, cross-sectional survey. Using a multi-stage clustered sampling method, three cities in the northern region (Changchun, Beijing and Jinan) and two cities in the southern region (Shanghai and Chengdu) were selected. Our study consisted of 1 076 participants with collections of 24-h urine samples and three measurements of blood pressure. Linear regression model and binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between sodium excretion and blood pressure. Prehypertension/hypertension was diagnosed by Chinese Children Blood Pressure References, as blood pressure equal or more than 90th percentile by age and gender. Results: The average of urinary sodium excretion of Chinese urban children was 4.7 ± 2.8 g/day, with an estimation of dietary salt intake 11.9 ± 2.8 g/day, and 86.5% of children had excessive salt intake according to WHO recommendation (equal or less than 5.0 g/day for salt intake). Boys had a slightly higher sodium excretion than that of girls (p = 0.011). No significant difference of sodium excretion was found between the northern and southern regions. Urinary excretion of sodium was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (β = 0.272, p = 0.024) but not with diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.125, p = 0.195) after adjustment of age, gender and body mass index. Children who took in high salt had a mildly higher risk of getting prehypertension/ hypertension (odds ratio = 1.108, 95% confidence interval: 1.058–1.161). Conclusions: It is alarming that the majority of China urban children aged 9–17 years old had excessive salt intake. Sound policies must be taken to reduce the sodium content in children's diet to decrease cardiovascular risk in the future.