Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell. Extracts inhibit the growth of body odour‐forming bacteria. (5th July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: McManus, K.; Wood, A.; Wright, M. H.; Matthews, B.; Greene, A. C.; Cock, I. E.
• Is Part Of: International journal of cosmetic science. Volume 39:Number 5(2017)
• Page Start: 500
• Page End: 510
• Publication Date: 2017-07-05
• Subjects: axillary odour -- body odour -- chemical analysis -- Corynebacterium -- deodorant -- foot odour -- microbiology -- safety testing; Cosmetics -- Periodicals; 668.5505
• DOI: 10.1111/ics.12403
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0142-5463

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: Terminalia ferdinandiana extracts are potent growth inhibitors of many bacterial pathogens. They may also inhibit the growth of malodour‐producing bacteria and thus be useful deodorant components, although this is yet to be tested. Methods: Terminalia ferdinandiana fruit and leaf solvent extracts were investigated by disc diffusion and liquid dilution MIC assays against the most significant bacterial contributors to axillary and plantar malodour formation. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Non‐targeted HPLC separation of the methanolic leaf extract coupled to high‐resolution time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy was used for the identification and characterization of individual components in the extract. Results: The T. ferdinandiana leaf extracts were the most potent bacterial growth inhibitors. The leaf methanolic extract was particularly potent, with low MIC values against C . jeikeium (233 μg mL −1 ), S. epidermidis (220 μg mL −1 ), P. acnes (625 μg mL −1 ) and B. linens (523 μg mL −1 ). The aqueous and ethyl acetate leaf extracts were also potent growth inhibitors of C . jeikeium and S. epidermidis (MICs < 1000 μg mL −1 ). In comparison, the fruit extracts were substantially less potent antibacterial agents, although still with MIC values indicative of moderate growth inhibitory activity. All T. ferdinandiana leaf extracts were non‐toxic in the Artemia franciscana bioassay. Non‐biased phytochemical analysis of the methanolic leaf extract revealed the presence of high levels of and high diversity of tannins and high levels of the flavone luteolin. Conclusion: The low toxicity of the T. ferdinandiana leaf extracts and their potent growth inhibition of axillary and plantar malodour‐producing bacteria indicate their potential as deodorant components. Abstract : This study examines T. ferdinandiana fruit and leaf extracts for the ability to inhibit the growth of major bacteria associated with axillary and foot malodours. The methanolic leaf extract was a particularly potent inhibitor of all bacterial species.