Relative toxicological ranking of eight polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners using cytotoxicity, chemical properties and exposure data. (October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tait, Sabrina; Perugini, Monia; La Rocca, Cinzia
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 108(2017)Part A
• Page Start: 74
• Page End: 84
• Publication Date: 2017-10
• Subjects: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers -- Cytotoxicity -- ToxPi -- Toxicological ranking -- Gastrointestinal absorption -- Human exposure; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.041
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are widely used flame retardants which persist and diffuse in the environment thus entering the food chain. Eight congeners, most relevant for human exposure (BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183 and 209), were analyzed in vitro and in silico to derive a relative toxicological ranking. Cytotoxicity was assessed on human liver (HepG2) and colon (DLD-1) cell lines, by three assays (MTS, ATP and DNA content) in a range of realistic concentration (1pM - 10 nM). Jejunum and Caco-2 passive absorptions were calculated in silico . Exposure estimates were calculated using EFSA database. By ToxPi we integrated the overall data. No reduction of DNA content was observed, supporting absence of cytotoxicity. Otherwise, hormetic effects were exerted by all the congeners, except BDE-183. BDE-28, 47, 99, 100 differently affected the ATP content inducing a dose-related increase in HepG2 and depletion in DLD-1. Jejunum coefficients did not differ among congeners, whereas a higher Caco-2 coefficient indicates rapid absorption of BDE-28. ToxPi relative rankings support the toxicological relevance of BDE-153 and 28 congeners for their potential hazard; the inclusion of exposure data in young and adult populations shifted BDE-209 and BDE-47 as top ranked due to their widespread occurrence in the diet. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Seven dietary relevant PBDE congeners elicit hormetic effects in vitro in the picomolar range. The ATP content is differently altered in human liver and colon cell lines by PBDE congeners. By in silico calculation, the highest rate of passive absorption was found for BDE-28. Provisional ToxPi rankings prompt BDE-28 and 153 as toxicologically relevant besides BDE-47 and 209.