Galantamine administration reduces reactive astrogliosis and upregulates the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia ischemia. Issue 62 (November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Odorcyk, F.K.; Nicola, F.; Duran-Carabali, L.E.; Figueiró, F.; Kolling, J.; Vizuete, A.; Konrath, E.L.; Gonçalves, C.A.; Wyse, A.T.S.; Netto, C.A.
• Is Part Of: International journal of developmental neuroscience. Issue 62(2017:Nov.)
• Page Start: 15
• Page End: 24
• Publication Date: 2017-11
• Subjects: Hypoxia ischemia (HI) -- Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) -- Galantamine -- Inflammation -- Neuroprotection; Developmental neurobiology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurologie du développement -- Périodiques; Developmental neurobiology; Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.07.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0736-5748

Abstract

Highlights: Pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment is able to prevent tissue injury. Pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment and increase neuronal survival in a model of HI. Pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment increases the catalase anti-oxidant activity. Pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment reduces astrogliosis 24 h and 38 days after injury. Abstract: Neonatal hypoxia ischemia (HI) plays a role in the etiology of several neurological pathologies and causes severe sequelae. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and cholinesterase inhibitors have demonstrated a positive action over HI induced deficits. In order to evaluate the effects of pre and post-hypoxia administrations of galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, in a model of perinatal HI, Wistar rats in the post-natal day 7 (PND7) were subjected to a combination of unilateral occlusion of the right carotid artery with the exposure to a 1 h hypoxia. Intraperitoneal injections of galantamine were administered in two different protocols: one pre and other post-hypoxia. The analysis of brain structures volume at PND45 showed that pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment prevented tissue injury to the ipsilesional hippocampus. Also, immunofluorescence showed HI-induced increase in the number of astrocytes that was prevented by pre-hypoxia treatment. Biochemical analysis was performed in the ipsilesional hippocampus at PND8 and revealed that pre-hypoxia galantamine treatment: 1) prevented the neuronal loss induced by HI; 2) reduced the HI-induced hypertrophy of astrocytes; and 3) caused an increase in the activity of the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase. Overall, treatment with galantamine was able to prevent the brain damage, increase the survival of neurons, reduce astrocytic reaction and increase the activity of the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase in rats submitted to neonatal hypoxia ischemia.