The EIGER detector for low‐energy electron microscopy and photoemission electron microscopy. (9th August 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tinti, G.; Marchetto, H.; Vaz, C. A. F.; Kleibert, A.; Andrä, M.; Barten, R.; Bergamaschi, A.; Brückner, M.; Cartier, S.; Dinapoli, R.; Franz, T.; Fröjdh, E.; Greiffenberg, D.; Lopez-Cuenca, C.; Mezza, D.; Mozzanica, A.; Nolting, F.; Ramilli, M.; Redford, S.; Ruat, M.; Ruder, Ch.; Schädler, L.; Schmidt, Th.; Schmitt, B.; Schütz, F.; Shi, X.; Thattil, D.; Vetter, S.; Zhang, J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of synchrotron radiation. Volume 24:Part 5(2017)
• Page Start: 963
• Page End: 974
• Publication Date: 2017-08-09
• Subjects: single‐photon counters -- hybrid pixel detectors -- instrumentation for synchrotron radiation accelerators -- X‐ray detectors -- PEEM -- LEEM; Synchrotron radiation -- Periodicals; Free electron lasers -- Periodicals; 539.73505
• DOI: 10.1107/S1600577517009109
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0909-0495

Abstract

Abstract : The use of the EIGER Si hybrid pixel detector as a detector for low‐energy electrons in PEEM experiments is reported. EIGER is characterised by a high signal‐to‐noise ratio, high dynamic range, high spatial resolution and endurance, characteristics that makes it particularly suited for electron and X‐ray spectromicroscopes operated at large‐scale synchrotron facilities. Abstract : EIGER is a single‐photon‐counting hybrid pixel detector developed at the Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland. It is designed for applications at synchrotron light sources with photon energies above 5 keV. Features of EIGER include a small pixel size (75 µm × 75 µm), a high frame rate (up to 23 kHz), a small dead‐time between frames (down to 3 µs) and a dynamic range up to 32‐bit. In this article, the use of EIGER as a detector for electrons in low‐energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) is reported. It is demonstrated that, with only a minimal modification to the sensitive part of the detector, EIGER is able to detect electrons emitted or reflected by the sample and accelerated to 8–20 keV. The imaging capabilities are shown to be superior to the standard microchannel plate detector for these types of applications. This is due to the much higher signal‐to‐noise ratio, better homogeneity and improved dynamic range. In addition, the operation of the EIGER detector is not affected by radiation damage from electrons in the present energy range and guarantees more stable performance over time. To benchmark the detector capabilities, LEEM experiments are performed on selected surfaces and the magnetic and electronic properties of individual iron nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 8 to 22 nm are detected using the PEEM endstation at the Surface/Interface Microscopy (SIM) beamline of the Swiss Light Source.