The effects of biodiesels on semivolatile and nonvolatile particulate matter emissions from a light-duty diesel engine. (November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cheng, Yuan; Li, Shao-Meng; Liggio, John; Hayden, Katherine; Han, Yuemei; Stroud, Craig; Chan, Tak; Poitras, Marie-Josée
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 230(2017)
• Page Start: 72
• Page End: 80
• Publication Date: 2017-11
• Subjects: Biodiesel -- Particulate matter emission -- SVOCs -- Dilution -- Black carbon; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) represent a dominant category of secondary organic aerosol precursors that are increasingly included in air quality models. In the present study, an experimental system was developed and applied to a light-duty diesel engine to determine the emission factors of particulate SVOCs (pSVOCs) and nonvolatile particulate matter (PM) components at dilution ratios representative of ambient conditions. The engine was tested under three steady-state operation modes, using ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD), three types of pure biodiesels and their blends with ULSD. For ULSD, the contribution of pSVOCs to total particulate organic matter (POM) mass in the engine exhaust ranged between 21 and 85%. Evaporation of pSVOCs from the diesel particles during dilution led to decreases in the hydrogen to carbon ratio of POM and the PM number emission factor of the particles. Substituting biodiesels for ULSD could increase pSVOCs emissions but brought on large reductions in black carbon (BC) emissions. Among the biodiesels tested, tallow/used cooking oil (UCO) biodiesel showed advantages over soybean and canola biodiesels in terms of both pSVOCs and nonvolatile PM emissions. It is noteworthy that PM properties, such as particle size and BC mass fraction, differed substantially between emissions from conventional diesel and biodiesels. Graphical abstract: Highlights: A considerable fraction of POM in diesel engine emissions is semivolatile. Diesel exhaust particles are more volatile at relatively low engine loads. Use of biodiesel can increase both semivolatile and nonvolatile POM emissions. Substituting biodiesels for normal diesel brings large reductions in BC emissions. Tallow/UCO biodiesel shows advantages over soybean and canola biodiesels. Abstract : Emissions of particulate SVOCs could be increased by the use of biodiesels, but less significantly in the case of tallow/UCO biodiesel compared to soybean and canola biodiesels.