Serum cystatin C in youth with diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study. (August 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kanakatti Shankar, Roopa; Dolan, Lawrence M.; Isom, Scott; Saydah, Sharon; Maahs, David M.; Dabelea, Dana; Reynolds, Kristi; Hirsch, Irl B.; Rodriguez, Beatriz L.; Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.; Marcovina, Santica; D'Agostino, Ralph; Mauer, Michael; Mottl, Amy K.
• Is Part Of: Diabetes research and clinical practice. Volume 130(2017)
• Page Start: 258
• Page End: 265
• Publication Date: 2017-08
• Subjects: Cystatin C -- Type 1 diabetes -- Type 2 diabetes -- Youth; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.06.010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-8227

Abstract

Highlights: Serum cystatin C is higher in youth without diabetes compared to youth with diabetes. Age, sex, race and HbA1c are associated with serum cystatin C in youth with diabetes. BMI is associated with serum cystatin C only in youth with type 2 diabetes. Fasting glucose is associated with serum cystatin C only in youth with type 1 diabetes. Abstract: Aims: We compared cystatin C in youth with versus without diabetes and determined factors associated with cystatin C in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Youth (ages 12–19 years) without diabetes ( N = 544) were ascertained from the NHANES Study 2000–2002 and those with T1D ( N = 977) and T2D ( N = 168) from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Adjusted means of cystatin C concentrations were compared amongst the 3 groups. Next, we performed multivariable analyses within the T1D and T2D SEARCH samples to determine the association between cystatin C and race, sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c, fasting glucose, and BMI. Results: Adjusted cystatin C concentrations were statistically higher in NHANES (0.85 mg/L) than in either the T1D (0.75 mg/L) or T2D (0.70 mg/L) SEARCH groups ( P < 0.0001). Fasting glucose was inversely related to cystatin C only in T1D ( P < 0.001) and BMI positively associated only in T2D ( P < 0.01) while HbA1c was inversely associated in both groups. Conclusions: Cystatin C concentrations are statistically higher in youth without diabetes compared to T1D or T2D, however the clinical relevance of this difference is quite small, especially in T1D. In youth with diabetes, cystatin C varies with BMI and acute and chronic glycemic control, however their effects may be different according to diabetes type.