MicroRNA inhibitors: Natural and artificial sequestration of microRNA. (28th October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tang, Li; Chen, Hong-Yan; Hao, Ning-Bo; Tang, Bo; Guo, Hong; Yong, Xin; Dong, Hui; Yang, Shi-Ming
• Is Part Of: Cancer letters. Volume 407(2017)
• Page Start: 139
• Page End: 147
• Publication Date: 2017-10-28
• Subjects: Competing endogenous RNA -- Circular RNA -- Anti-miRNA oligonucleotide -- miRNA sponge -- Nanoparticle -- Gene therapy; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.025
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0304-3835

Abstract

Abstract: MicroRNA (miRNAs) is post-transcriptional regulator of mRNA. However, the prevalence and activity of miRNA are regulated by other regulators. miRNA inhibitors are natural or artificial RNA transcripts that sequestrate miRNAs and decrease or even eliminate miRNA activity. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are natural and intracellular miRNA inhibitors that compete to bind to shared miRNA recognition elements (MREs) to decrease microRNA availability and relieve the repression of target RNAs. In recent years, studies have revealed that ceRNA crosstalk is involved in many pathophysiological processes and adds a new dimension to miRNA regulation. Artificial miRNA inhibitors are RNA transcripts that are synthesized via chemical and genetic methods. Artificial miRNA inhibitors can be used in miRNA loss-of-function research and gene therapies for certain diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the two different types of miRNA inhibitors. Highlights: Sequestration of miRNAs involves in multiple pathological processes, such as cancer. miRNA sequestration function of circRNA is exceptional, not general. We round up the historical, current and future aspects of the miRNA functional inhibition research field.