Conditions for inclusive innovation with application to telecom and mobile banking. Issue 2 (3rd July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Goyal, Ashima
• Is Part Of: Innovation and development. Volume 7:Issue 2(2017)
• Page Start: 227
• Page End: 248
• Publication Date: 2017-07-03
• Subjects: Inclusive innovation -- technology policy -- telecom -- mobile banking; Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Sustainable development -- Periodicals; 303.484
• DOI: 10.1080/2157930X.2016.1187845
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2157-930X

Abstract

ABSTRACT: An innovation is defined to be inclusive if it is affordable and increases productivity. Three ways of facilitating inclusion through such innovation in emerging and developing economies are derived analytically. First, invest in inducing more technical change in products the less well-off use. Second, improve capital or skills available to them. Third, reduce their transaction costs. Both the second and the third increase market size for inclusive innovation, thus promoting it through markets. An example of the second is better public provision of relevant infrastructure and of the third is better regulatory design. Absence of such a focus in Indian telecom and mobile banking policy limited market size. Poor Internet infrastructure constrained development of mobile services. Higher transaction costs explain India's slow start in mobile banking, compared to Pakistan.