The associations of vitamin D status and dietary calcium with the metabolic syndrome: an analysis of the Victorian Health Monitor survey. Issue 10 (24th June 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pannu, Poonam K; Zhao, Yun; Soares, Mario J; Piers, Leonard S; Ansari, Zahid
• Is Part Of: Public health nutrition. Volume 20:Issue 10(2017)
• Page Start: 1785
• Page End: 1796
• Publication Date: 2016-06-24
• Subjects: Metabolic syndrome, -- Vitamin D, -- Calcium, -- 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutrition policy -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1017/S1368980016001609
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1368-9800

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To examine the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), dietary Ca intake and presence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Design: A stratified cluster sample of a population aged 18–75 years from the Victorian Health Monitor survey. Setting: Non-institutionalized adults living in private dwellings in Victoria, Australia. Subjects: Adults ( n 3404) with complete data and without type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Results: Adjusted for sociodemographic factors, physical characteristics and dietary covariates including Ca intake, every 10 nmol/l increase in serum 25(OH)D was significantly associated with decreased odds of MetS (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0·85, 95 % CI 0·80, 0·89; P <0·001). Relative to the low 25(OH)D tertile (median 33 nmol/l), there was a progressive decrease in odds of MetS that reached significance with the high 25(OH)D tertile (median 77 nmol/l; AOR=0·35, 95 % CI 0·26, 0·48; P <0·001). Every 500 mg/d increase in Ca intake adjusted for 25(OH)D did not reduce odds of MetS (AOR=0·81, 95 % CI 0·66, 1·06; P =0·141) but approached significance if unadjusted for 25(OH)D in the final model (AOR=0·81, 95 % CI 0·64, 1·02; P =0·073). No significant effect was obtained for tertiles of Ca intake. However, Ca and vitamin D tertile combinations suggested a beneficial effect of high Ca (median 1233 mg/d) only at low and medium 25(OH)D. The high 25(OH)D tertile was associated with significantly decreased odds of MetS regardless of Ca intake. Conclusions: A high vitamin D status significantly reduced the odds of MetS. A high Ca intake may have a similar favourable outcome but only at lower circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D.