Clinical and prognostic significance of a reverse dipping pattern on ambulatory monitoring: An updated review. Issue 7 (July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cuspidi, Cesare; Sala, Carla; Tadic, Marijana; Gherbesi, Elisa; De Giorgi, Antonio; Grassi, Guido; Mancia, Giuseppe
• Is Part Of: Journal of clinical hypertension. Volume 19:Issue 7(2017)
• Page Start: 713
• Page End: 721
• Publication Date: 2017-07
• Subjects: cardiovascular disease -- cardiovascular prognosis -- hypertension -- reverse dipping -- target organ damage -- treatment; Hypertension -- Periodicals; 616.132
• DOI: 10.1111/jch.13023
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1524-6175

Abstract

Abstract: Reverse or inverted dipping (ie, the phenomenon characterized by higher nighttime compared with daytime blood pressure values) is an alteration of circadian blood pressure rhythm frequently documented in hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and sleep apnea syndrome, and generally regarded as a harmful condition. Available literature on the clinical and prognostic implications of reverse dipping is scanty. The present article will review a number of relevant issues concerning reverse dipping, in particular: (1) its possible mechanisms; (2) prevalence and clinical correlates, (3) concomitant cardiac and extracardiac subclinical organ damage; (4) association with acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases; (5) prognostic value in predicting cardiovascular events and mortality; and (6) therapeutic interventions aimed at reverting this abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm.